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Volume 11, Number 7—July 2005
Research

Primate-to-Human Retroviral Transmission in Asia

Lisa Jones-Engel*Comments to Author , Gregory A. Engel†, Michael A. Schillaci‡, Aida Rompis§, Artha Putra§, Komang Gde Suaryana§, Agustin Fuentes¶, Brigitte Beer#, Sarah Hicks**, Robert White**, Brenda Wilson**, and Jonathan S. Allan**
Author affiliations: *University of Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; †Swedish/Providence Hospital Family Practice Residency, Seattle, Washington, USA; ‡University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; §Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; ¶University of Notre Dame, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA; #Southern Research Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA; **Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA

Main Article

Figure 3

Phylogenetic analysis of mitochrondrial (mt) DNA from nonhuman primates and humans. mtDNA was amplified and sequenced from the simian foamy virus–infected person (BH66), 2 human controls (Hu702 and Hu715), M. mulatta (Rh15454, 18511,18512, 18513,18514,18515, 11363, 9649), M. fascicularis (BP2, 4, 5, 6), M. nemestrina (P46), M. tonkeana (P18,39,40), M. maura (P44, 73), M. nigra (P79, M1); M. nigrescens (M27, 28), and M. hecki (M7). The mtDNA tree was created with the neighbor-joining method with

Figure 3. . Phylogenetic analysis of mitochrondrial (mt) DNA from nonhuman primates and humans. mtDNA was amplified and sequenced from the simian foamy virus–infected person (BH66), 2 human controls (Hu702 and Hu715), M. mulatta (Rh15454, 18511,18512, 18513,18514,18515, 11363, 9649), M. fascicularis (BP2, 4, 5, 6), M. nemestrina (P46), M. tonkeana (P18,39,40), M. maura (P44, 73), M. nigra (P79, M1); M. nigrescens (M27, 28), and M. hecki (M7). The mtDNA tree was created with the neighbor-joining method with the Phylip program (DNAdist; Neighbor). Bootstrap replicates were 1,000. Bootstrap values were calculated by using Seqboot, DNAdist, Neighbor, and Consense (PHYLIP programs). Bootstrap values >60% are shown. The mtDNA tree was plotted in Treeview. This analysis suggests that BH66 was of human origin. Although the phylogenetic tree constructed with mtDNA from a variety of monkey samples can be used to distinguish human from monkey mtDNA, a large number of nuclear mtDNA sequences, have evolved as pseudogenes (36). These sequences can be highly divergent from mtDNA and resulted in some ambiguity as mtDNA amplified from several monkeys did not group with other members of the same species. Because of the nature and variability of these sequences, definitive conclusions about mtDNA phylogenies could not be determined; however, mtDNA trees were still useful for determining the origin of mtDNA material.

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Page updated: April 23, 2012
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