TY - JOUR AU - Balcells, Maria Elvira AU - Thomas, Sara AU - Godfrey-Faussett, Peter AU - Grant, Alison T1 - Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Risk for Resistant Tuberculosis T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2006 VL - 12 IS - 5 SP - 744 SN - 1080-6059 AB - In the context of tuberculosis (TB) resurgence, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is increasingly promoted, but concerns about the risk for development of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis may hinder its widespread implementation. We conducted a systematic review of data published since 1951 to assess the effect of primary IPT on the risk for isoniazid-resistant TB. Different definitions of isoniazid resistance were used, which affected summary effect estimates; we report the most consistent results. When all 13 studies (N = 18,095 persons in isoniazid groups and N = 17,985 persons in control groups) were combined, the summary relative risk for resistance was 1.45 (95% confidence interval 0.85–2.47). Results were similar when studies of HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected persons were considered separately. Analyses were limited by small numbers and incomplete testing of isolates, but findings do not exclude an increased risk for isoniazid-resistant TB after IPT. The diagnosis of active TB should be excluded before IPT. Continued surveillance for isoniazid resistance is essential. KW - tuberculosis KW - review KW - isoniazid KW - chemoprevention KW - prophylaxis KW - drug resistance KW - research DO - 10.3201/eid1205.050681 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/5/05-0681_article ER - End of Reference