Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 12, Number 9—September 2006
Research

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis by Nationality, the Netherlands, 1993–2001

Lowieke A.M. te Beek*†, Marieke J. van der Werf*Comments to Author , Clemens Richter‡, and Martien W. Borgdorff*§
Author affiliations: *KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands; †Municipal Health Service Kop van Noord-Holland, Schagen, the Netherlands; .; ‡Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands; §Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Main Article

Table 4

Risk factors for 8 types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) versus pulmonary TB*†

Lymphatic
(n = 1,963) Pleural
(n = 1,036) Bones and joints
(n = 465) Miliary
(n = 246) Genitourinary (n = 226) Peritoneal (n =178) Meninges and CNS
(n = 111) Other EPTB sites
(n = 438)
Sex
Male 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Female 2.22 (2.00–2.46) 0.94 (0.82–1.08) 1.95 (1.61–2.37) 1.56 (1.20–2.03) 1.70 (1.29–2.22) 2.55 (1.87–3.46) 1.08 (0.73–1.60) 1.93 (1.59–2.36)
Age group, y
<14 0.68 (0.52–0.89) 0.52 (0.35–0.77) 0.16 (0.09–0.29) 0.10 (0.04–0.23) 0.18 (0.05–0.66) 1.54(0.70–3.36) 0.44 (0.26–0.75)
15–24 0.63 (0.51–0.78) 1.34 (1.06–1.68) 0.27 (0.18–0.38) 0.14 (0.08–0.23) 0.12 (0.06–0.25) 0.90 (0.45–1.81) 0.43 (0.18–1.01) 0.54 (0.37–0.81)
25–34 0.86 (0.70–1.05) 1.51 (1.22–1.86) 0.36 (0.26–0.50) 0.14 (0.09–0.22) 0.29 (0.18–0.47) 0.94 (0.48–1.85) 0.97 (0.49–1.90) 0.68 (0.47–0.98)
35– 44 1.03 (0.83–1.27) 1.05 (0.82–1.34) 0.56 (0.40–0.78) 0.20 (0.13–0.33) 0.62 (0.40–0.95) 1.58 (0.80–3.13) 0.70 (0.32–1.53) 0.92 (0.63–1.35)
45–64 1.11 (0.90–1.37) 1.08 (0.86–1.35) 0.85 (0.63–1.15) 0.41 (0.28–0.60) 1.16 (0.83–1.64) 1.85 (0.95–3.62) 1.71 (0.91–3.23) 1.13 (0.78–1.63)
>65 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
HIV infection‡
Yes 0.92 (0.68–1.24) 0.40 (0.25–0.65) 0.52 (0.26–1.03) 7.36 (4.88–11.12) 0.25 (0.06–1.04) 1.41 (0.66–3.01) 3.29 (1.63–6.65) 1.36 (0.85–2.19)
Unknown 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Nationality
Dutch 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
European (central and eastern) 0.57 (0.37–0.88) 0.37 (0.25–0.56) 0.08 (0.01–0.54) 1.06 (0.48–2.33) 0.31 (0.10–0.98) 0.31 (0.04–2.32) 0.35 (0.13–0.96)
Turkish 2.01 (1.55–2.61) 0.55 (0.40–0.76) 0.53 (0.25–1.15) 0.64 (0.23–1.77) 1.27 (0.68–2.38) 2.19 (0.95–5.09) 0.63 (0.19–2.07) 2.01 (1.26–3.19)
Moroccan 2.98 (2.47–3.60) 0.67 (0.53–0.86) 1.11 (0.73–1.68) 1.12 (0.63–2.00) 1.23 (0.78–1.96) 4.71 (2.78–7.97) 1.31 (0.68–2.52) 2.08 (1.45–2.99)
Somali 7.82 (6.56–9.31) 0.68 (0.53–0.88) 6.10 (4.51–8.26) 2.75 (1.61–4.67) 1.14 (0.59–2.22) 12.47 (7.64–20.36) 2.82 (1.57–5.07) 6.39 (4.69–8.70)
African (other) 2.79 (2.27–3.42) 0.61 (0.47–0.79) 2.32 (1.59–3.39) 2.28 (1.41–3.66) 1.09 (0.58–2.07) 2.21 (1.09–4.46) 0.53 (0.20–1.39) 2.48 (1.71–3.60)
Asian 4.19 (3.55–4.96) 0.47 (0.36–0.61) 2.06 (1.50–2.83) 1.28 (0.77–2.15) 0.42 (0.21–0.84) 3.44 (2.01–5.91) 1.63 (0.89–2.95) 2.09 (1.49–2.94)
Other 1.78 (1.37–2.31) 0.63 (0.46–0.88) 1.70 (1.08–2.59) 1.03 (0.55–1.94) 0.67 (0.32–1.39) 2.44 (1.17–5.07) 0.47 (0.14–1.54) 1.05 (0.60–1.83)

*EPTB, extrapulmonary tuberculosis; PTB, pulmonary TB.
†In the calculation of odds ratios for patients, patients with PTB served as a reference group. The odds ratios were adjusted for all variables used in the model. Boldface figures denote significant odds ratios.
‡HIV testing is not a standard procedure for TB patients in the Netherlands. HIV infection is recorded in the National Tuberculosis Registry as one of the response options of the item "impaired immunity." Considered as HIV infected were those cases with a record of impaired immunity due to HIV infection; all others were classified as HIV-status unknown.

Main Article

Page created: November 17, 2011
Page updated: November 17, 2011
Page reviewed: November 17, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external