TY - JOUR AU - Heijne, Janneke C.M. AU - Teunis, Peter AU - Morroy, Gabriella AU - Wijkmans, Clementine AU - Oostveen, Sandy AU - Duizer, Erwin AU - Kretzschmar, Mirjam AU - Wallinga, Jacco T1 - Enhanced Hygiene Measures and Norovirus Transmission during an Outbreak T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2009 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 24 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Control of norovirus outbreaks relies on enhanced hygiene measures, such as handwashing, surface cleaning, using disposable paper towels, and using separate toilets for sick and well persons. However, little is known about their effectiveness in limiting further spread of norovirus infections. We analyzed norovirus outbreaks in 7 camps at an international scouting jamboree in the Netherlands during 2004. Implementation of hygiene measures coincided with an 84.8% (95% predictive interval 81.2%–86.6%) reduction in reproduction number. This reduction was unexpectedly large but still below the reduction needed to contain a norovirus outbreak. Even more stringent control measures are required to break the chain of transmission of norovirus. KW - Norovirus KW - outbreaks KW - hygiene measures KW - transmission KW - reproduction number KW - generation time distribution KW - research KW - the Netherlands DO - 10.3201/eid1501.080299 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/15/1/08-0299_article ER - End of Reference