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Volume 16, Number 5—May 2010
Research

Historical Distribution and Molecular Diversity of Bacillus anthracis, Kazakhstan

Alim M. Aikembayev1, Larissa Lukhnova, Gulnara Temiraliyeva, Tatyana Meka-Mechenko, Yerlan Pazylov, Sarkis Zakaryan, Georgiy Denissov, W. Ryan Easterday, Matthew N. Van Ert2, Paul Keim, Stephen C. Francesconi, Jason K. Blackburn3, Martin Hugh-JonesComments to Author , and Ted Hadfield
Author affiliations: Kazakhstan Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan (A.M. Aikembayev, L. Lukhnova, G. Temiraliyeva, T. Meka-Mechenko, Y. Pazylov, S. Zakaryan, G. Denissov); Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA (W.R. Easterday, P. Keim); Midwest Research Institute, Palm Bay, Florida, USA (M.N. Van Ert, T. Hadfield); The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (P. Keim); Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (S.C. Francesconi); California State University, Fullerton, California, USA (J.K. Blackburn); Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (M. Hugh-Jones);

Main Article

Table 2

Anthrax outbreaks, number of animal deaths per outbreak by species affected, and miscellaneous anthrax-positive samples, Kazakhstan, 1937–2005

Animal species No. outbreaks/ samples Deaths/ outbreak* Total no. deaths
Sheep 1,735 0–851 16,080
Cattle 1,678 0–84 3825
Equine 304 0–28 634
Swine 192 0–78 832
Camel 5 1–2 7
Mink 3 28–37 95
Goat 1 1 1
Fox 1 1 1
Dog 2 1 2
Arctic fox 2 5 6
Unidentified
 6
 –
 15
Miscellaneous anthrax-positive samples†
Soil samples 17 – –
Wool 1 – –

*0 indicates animals that recovered from infection.
†Bacillus anthracis spores were recovered, but there were no infections.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Republican Sanitary Epidemiologic Station, Almaty, Kasakhstan.

2Current affiliation: VEN Consulting, LLC, Melbourne, Florida, USA.

3Current affiliation: University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Page created: December 23, 2010
Page updated: December 23, 2010
Page reviewed: December 23, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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