Volume 17, Number 3—March 2011
Research
Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigations in the United States, 2002–2008
Kiren Mitruka
, John E. Oeltmann, Kashef Ijaz, and Maryam B. Haddad
, John E. Oeltmann, Kashef Ijaz, and Maryam B. Haddad
Table 2
Tuberculosis risk factors for patients in CDC–investigated TB outbreaks, United States, 2002–2008*
| Risk factor† |
No. (%) patients |
| Total | 398 (100) |
| Medical | |
| HIV co-infection | 46 (12)‡ |
| Diabetes | 23 (6) |
| Immunosuppression (not HIV associated) | 14 (4) |
| History of TB | 16 (4) |
| Incomplete treatment |
7 (44) |
| Social | |
| Any substance abuse | 233 (58) |
| Alcohol abuse | 204 (51) |
| Nonintravenous drug use | 117 (29) |
| Intravenous drug use | 19 (5) |
| Incarceration history§ | 126 (32) |
| Homelessness | 78 (20) |
*TB, tuberculosis; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
†As documented in CDC reports of onsite investigation with information generally gathered through patient chart reviews or interviews.
‡Minimum estimate because complete data on the number of patients tested were not available.
§Time frame before TB diagnosis not always documented in CDC reports. The National Tuberculosis Surveillance System collects data on incarceration at time of TB diagnosis.
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