TY - JOUR AU - Sanchez-Padilla, Elisabeth AU - Dlamini, Themba AU - Ascorra, Alexandra AU - Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine AU - Tefera, Zerihun Demissie AU - Calain, Philippe AU - de la Tour, Roberto AU - Jochims, Frauke AU - Richter, Elvira AU - Bonnet, Maryline T1 - High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Swaziland, 2009–2010 T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2012 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 29 SN - 1080-6059 AB - In Africa, although emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) represents a serious threat in countries severely affected by the HIV epidemic, most countries lack drug-resistant TB data. This finding was particularly true in the Kingdom of Swaziland, which has the world’s highest HIV and TB prevalences. Therefore, we conducted a national survey in 2009–2010 to measure prevalence of drug-resistant TB. Of 988 patients screened, 420 new case-patients and 420 previously treated case-patients met the study criteria. Among culture-positive patients, 15.3% new case-patients and 49.5% previously treated case-patients harbored drug-resistant strains. MDR TB prevalence was 7.7% and 33.8% among new case-patients and previously treated case-patients, respectively. HIV infection and past TB treatment were independently associated with MDR TB. The findings assert the need for wide-scale intervention in resource-limited contexts such as Swaziland, where diagnostic and treatment facilities and health personnel are lacking. KW - bacteria KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - tuberculosis KW - MDR KW - drug resistance KW - multidrug resistance KW - Africa KW - HIV KW - cross-sectional studies KW - Swaziland KW - TB KW - antimicrobial resistance DO - 10.3201/eid1801.110850 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/1/11-0850_article ER - End of Reference