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Volume 18, Number 2—February 2012
Research

Diphtheria in the Postepidemic Period, Europe, 2000–2009

Karen S. WagnerComments to Author , Joanne M. White, Irina Lucenko, David Mercer, Natasha S. Crowcroft, Shona Neal, Androulla Efstratiou, on behalf of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network
Author affiliations: Health Protection Agency, London, UK (K.S. Wagner, J.M. White, N.S. Crowcroft, S. Neal, A. Efstratiou); State Agency Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (I. Lucenko); World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark (D. Mercer); Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (N.S. Crowcroft); University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto (N.S. Crowcroft)

Main Article

Table 1

Toxigenic Cornyebacterium diphtheriae isolates and epidemiologically linked cases and deaths reported by DIPNET member countries, Europe, 2000–2009*

Characteristic Patient description† No. toxigenic isolates or clinical cases with epidemiologic link (no. deaths)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Country
Estonia Symptomatic 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asymptomatic 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 3 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Finland Total 0 2 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
France Total 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 (1) 1 0
Germany Total 1 2 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Latvia Symptomatic 145 0 45 26 20 20 32 18 29 6
Asymptomatic 61 24 15 22 2 2 11 5 12 3
Not known 119 91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 325 (9) 115 (5) 60 (3) 48 (2) 22 (1) 22 (2) 43 (6) 23 (1) 41 (2) 9 (1)
Lithuania Symptomatic 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Asymptomatic 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Total 2 0 5 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 4 (1) 0
Norway Symptomatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
Asymptomatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
Sweden Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Turkey Symptomatic 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asymptomatic 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Not known 1 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 4 (1) 7 (3) 2 (1) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Kingdom Total 1 0 6 3 0 0 1 0 2 (1) 2
Total known symptomatic patients NA 152 9 61 29 21 21 34 19 37 11
Total (all countries) NA 336 (10) 135 (9) 78 (5) 52 (2) 23 (1) 23 (2) 45 (6) 24 (2) 52 (4) 14 (1)
Total known symptomatic patients, excluding Latvia NA 7 9 16 3 1 1 2 1 8 5
Total, excluding Latvia NA 11 (1) 20 (4) 18 (2) 4 1 1 2 1 (1) 11 (2) 5

*DIPNET, Diphtheria Surveillance Network; NA, not applicable. A total of 89 cases were clinically diagnosed without microbiological confirmation (76 in Latvia, 11 in Turkey, and 2 in Lithuania).
†If only total is displayed for a country, all patients were symptomatic.

Main Article

1Additional members of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network who contributed data are listed in Technical Appendix 1.

Page created: January 17, 2012
Page updated: January 17, 2012
Page reviewed: January 17, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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