TY - JOUR AU - Cohen, Cheryl AU - Moyes, Jocelyn AU - Tempia, Stefano AU - Groom, Michelle AU - Walaza, Sibongile AU - Pretorius, Marthi AU - Dawood, Halima AU - Chhagan, Meera AU - Haffejee, Summaya AU - Variava, Ebrahim AU - Kahn, Kathleen AU - Tshangela, Akhona AU - von Gottberg, Anne AU - Wolter, Nicole AU - Cohen, Adam AU - Kgokong, Babatyi AU - Venter, Marietjie AU - Madhi, Shabir T1 - Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009–2011 T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2013 VL - 19 IS - 11 SP - 1766 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Data on influenza epidemiology in HIV-infected persons are limited, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV infection is widespread. We tested respiratory and blood samples from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections hospitalized in South Africa during 2009–2011 for viral and pneumococcal infections. Influenza was identified in 9% (1,056/11,925) of patients enrolled; among influenza case-patients, 358 (44%) of the 819 who were tested were infected with HIV. Influenza-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection incidence was 4–8 times greater for HIV-infected (186–228/100,000) than for HIV-uninfected persons (26–54/100,000). Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed HIV-infected patients were more likely to have pneumococcal co-infection; to be infected with influenza type B compared with type A; to be hospitalized for 2–7 days or >7 days; and to die from their illness. These findings indicate that HIV-infected persons are at greater risk for severe illnesses related to influenza and thus should be prioritized for influenza vaccination. KW - influenza KW - HIV KW - AIDS KW - adults KW - children KW - pneumonia KW - pneumococcal KW - South Africa KW - viruses KW - vaccination KW - lower respiratory tract infection KW - respiratory infection KW - co-infection KW - respiratory infections KW - bacteria KW - pneumoccocus DO - 10.3201/eid1911.130546 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/11/13-0546_article ER - End of Reference