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Volume 19, Number 2—February 2013
Etymologia

Etymologia: Quarantine

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Quarantine [kwor′ən-tēn]

From the Italian quaranta (forty), “quarantine” refers to the practice established in European port cities during the Black Death requiring vessels to lie at anchor for 40 days before landing. Isolation (from the Latin insula or island), the practice of separating sick persons from those who are healthy to prevent spread of disease, goes back a long time. “As long as they have the disease they remain unclean. They must live alone; they must live outside the camp” (Leviticus 13:46).

Quarantine, on the other hand, is the practice of separating persons who appear to be healthy but may have been exposed to a disease. In 1377, the Great Council of Ragusa (modern-day Dubrovnik) established a 30-day separation period (trentino) for visitors from plague-endemic areas. In the following decades, the practice spread to other cities and was extended from 30 to 40 days (quarantino). The longer period may have been more effective at preventing disease or just a nod to the 40-day duration of Biblical events―the Great Flood or Jesus’ fast in the wilderness.

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References

  1. Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary. 32nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.
  2. Bible  H. New International Version. Colorado Springs (CO): Biblica; 2011.
  3. Sehdev  PS. The origin of quarantine. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:10712 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

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Cite This Article

DOI: 10.3201/eid1902.et1902

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Page created: January 23, 2013
Page updated: January 23, 2013
Page reviewed: January 23, 2013
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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