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Volume 19, Number 3—March 2013
Research

Attribution of Foodborne Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Deaths to Food Commodities by using Outbreak Data, United States, 1998–2008

John A. PainterComments to Author , Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
Author affiliations: Author affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA

Main Article

Table 1

Estimates of annual domestically acquired foodborne illnesses attributed to specific food commodities and commodity groups, by pathogen type, United States, 1998–2008*

Commodity or commodity group No. (%) illnesses
All agents Bacterial Chemical Parasitic Viral
Aquatic animals† 589,310 (6.1) 142,415 (3.9) 153,488 (61.6) 77,795 (33.3) 215,613 (3.9)
Fish 258,314 (2.7) 15,362 (0.4) 148,958 (59.8) 955 (0.4) 93,040 (1.7)
Shellfish† 330,997 (3.4) 127,053 (3.5) 4,531 (1.8) 76,840 (32.9) 122,573 (2.2)
Crustaceans 46,528 (0.5) 32,626 (0.9) 1,247 (0.5) 12,654 (0.2)
Mollusks
284,469 (3.0)
94,427 (2.6)
3,283 (1.3)
76,840 (32.9)
109,919 (2.0)
Land animals† 4,021,839 (41.7) 2,334,000 (64.0) 33,031 (13.3) 156 (0.1) 1,654,651 (30.0)
Dairy 1,330,098 (13.8) 656,951 (18.0) 3,773 (1.5) 669,374 (12.1)
Eggs 574,298 (6.0) 179,421 (4.9) 6,995 (2.8) 387,882 (7.0)
Meat-poultry† 2,117,442 (22.0) 1,497,628 (41.1) 22,263 (8.9) 156 (0.1) 597,394 (10.8)
Meat† 1,174,257 (12.2) 844,006 (23.2) 2,437 (1.0) 156 (0.1) 327,658 (5.9)
Beef 639,640 (6.6) 482,199 (13.2) 661 (0.3) 156,780 (2.8)
Game 9,934 (0.1) 5,111 (0.1) 1,568 (0.6) 156 (0.1) 3,100 (0.1)
Pork 524,684 (5.4) 356,697 (9.8) 209 (0.1) 167,778 (3.0)
Poultry
943,185 (9.8)
653,622 (17.9)
19,826 (8.0)

269,737 (4.9)
Plants† 4,924,877 (51.1) 1,169,202 (32.1) 62,753 (25.2) 69,023 (29.5) 3,623,899 (65.8)
Grains-beans 435,936 (4.5) 183,394 (5.0) 12,995 (5.2) 239,547 (4.3)
Oils-sugars 65,631 (0.7) 2,344 (0.9) 63,287 (1.1)
Produce† 4,423,310 (45.9) 985,807 (27.0) 47,414 (19.0) 69,023 (29.5) 3,321,066 (60.3)
Fruits-nuts 1,123,808 (11.7) 230,636 (6.3) 29,483 (11.8) 60,573 (25.9) 803,116 (14.6)
Vegetables† 3,299,501 (34.2) 755,171 (20.7) 17,931 (7.2) 8,450 (3.6) 2,517,949 (45.7)
Fungi 4,542 (0.0) 686 (0.0) 3,857 (1.5)
Leafy 2,152,652 (22.3) 188,327 (5.2) 9,113 (3.7) 7,256 (3.1) 1,947,955 (35.4)
Root 349,715 (3.6) 96,910 (2.7) 1,240 (0.5) 251,566 (4.6)
Sprout 32,703 (0.3) 32,703 (0.9)
Vine-stalk
759,889 (7.9)
436,546 (12.0)
3,721 (1.5)
1,194 (0.5)
318,428 (5.8)
Undetermined
102,275 (1.1)
156 (0.0)

86,686 (37.1)
15,433 (0.3)
Total 9,638,301 (100.0) 3,645,773 (100.0) 249,273 (100.0) 233,660 (100.0) 5,509,596 (100.0)

*Most estimates from (1); some were made as described in Methods. Numbers of illnesses are the most probable estimate, as described in Methods. Estimates are rounded; some row and column sums may differ from their totals. Blank cells indicate no data.
†Indicates commodity group.

Main Article

Page created: February 25, 2013
Page updated: February 25, 2013
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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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