Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 19, Number 4—April 2013
Perspective

Discrepancies in Data Reporting for Rabies, Africa

Louis H. NelComments to Author 
Author affiliation: University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Main Article

Figure 1

Number of rabies cases in animals reported in 2007 from countries in Africa classified as developing countries. Data were obtained from Southern and Eastern African Rabies Group reports (black bars), the World Health Organization (Rabnet) (21) (white bars), and the World Organisation for Animal Health World Animal Health Information Database (gray bars).

Figure 1. . . Number of rabies cases in animals reported in 2007 from countries in Africa classified as developing countries. Data were obtained from Southern and Eastern African Rabies Group reports (black bars), the World Health Organization (Rabnet) (21) (white bars), and the World Organisation for Animal Health World Animal Health Information Database (gray bars).

Main Article

References
  1. Streicker  DG, Recuenco  S, Valderrama  W, Gomez Benavides  J, Vargas  I, Pacheco  V, Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of rabies exposure in vampire bats: implications for transmission and control. Proc Biol Sci. 2012;279:338492. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Normile  D. Rinderpest. Driven to extinction. Science. 2008;319:16069. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Nel  LH, Rupprecht  CE. The emergence of lyssaviruses in the old world: the case of Africa. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2007;315:16193. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. World Health Organization. WHO rabies epidemiology; 2012 [cited 2012 Dec 6]. http://www.who.int/entity/rabies/rabies_maps/en/index.html
  5. Nel  LH, Markotter  W. Lyssaviruses. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2007;33:30124. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Marston  DA, Horton  DL, Ngeleja  C, Hampson  K, McElhinney  LM, Banyard  AC, Ikoma lyssavirus, highly divergent novel lyssavirus in an African civet. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:6647. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Kuzmin  IV, Mayer  AE, Niezgoda  M, Markotter  W, Agwanda  B, Breiman  RF, Shimoni bat virus, a new representative of the lyssavirus genus. Virus Res. 2010;149:197210. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. World Health Organization. WHO fact sheet number 99; 2010 [cited 2011 Jul 21]. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs099/en/index.html
  9. Cohen  C, Sartorius  B, Sabeta  C, Zulu  G, Paweska  J, Mogoswane  M, Epidemiology and molecular virus characterization of re-emerging rabies, South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:187986. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Mallewa  M, Fooks  AR, Banda  D, Chikungwa  P, Mankhambo  L, Molyneux  E, Rabies encephalitis in malaria-endemic area, Malawi, Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:1369. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Gadre  G, Satishchandra  P, Mahadevan  A, Suja  MS, Madhusudana  SN, Sundaram  C, Rabies viral encephalitis: clinical determinants in diagnosis with special reference to paralytic form. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:81220. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Buyuk  Y, Uzun  I, Aybar  Y, Kurnaz  G, Ozaras  R. Rabies in Turkey: three human cases illustrating the importance of suspecting exposure. Wilderness Environ Med. 2007;18:2147 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Hatfield  G. Encyclopedia of folk medicine: old world and new world traditions. Santa Barbara (CA): ABC-CLIO; 2004.
  14. Mahawar  MM, Jaroli  DP. Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2007;3:25. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Pankhurst  R. The history and traditional treatment of rabies in Ethiopia. Med Hist. 1970;14:37889. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Blancou  J. Rabies in Europe and the Mediterranean basin: from antiquity to the 19th century. In: King AA, Fooks AR, Aubert M, Wandeler AI, editors. Historical perspective of rabies in Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Paris: Organisation for Animal Health; 2004. p. 15–23.
  17. Zeng  H, Pappas  C, Katz  JM, Tumpey  TM. The 2009 pandemic H1N1 and triple-reassortment swine H1N1 influenza viruses replicate efficiently but elicit an attenuated inflammatory response in polarized human bronchial epithelial cells. J Virol. 2011;85:68696. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Knobel  DL, Cleaveland  S, Coleman  PG, Fèvre  EM, Meltzer  MI, Miranda  ME, Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:3608 .PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. World Health Organization. WHO expert consultation on rabies. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2005;931:188 .PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Menezes  R. Rabies in India. Can Med Assoc J. 2008;178:20068. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. World Health Organization. WHO global health atlas; 2011 [cited 2011 Jul 21]. http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/dataQuery/default.asp
  22. World Organisation for Animal Health. WAHID interface—OIE world animal health information database; 2011 [cited 2011 Jul 21]. http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=home
  23. World Organisation for Animal Health. Strategic plan: World Organisation for Animal Health; 2011 [cited 2011 Jul 21]. http://www.oie.int/about-us/director-general-office/strategic-plan/
  24. Schneider  MC, Belotto  A, Adé  MP, Hendrickx  S, Leanes  LF, Rodrigues  MJ, Current status of human rabies transmitted by dogs in Latin America. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23:204963. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. Nel  LH, Le Roux  K, Atlas  R. Rabies control program in South Africa. Microbe. 2009;4:615.
  26. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Animal Production and Health Division; 2012 [cited 2012 Jan 20]. http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/home/en/news_archive/2011_Tripartite_against_Diseases.html.

Main Article

Page created: March 13, 2013
Page updated: March 13, 2013
Page reviewed: March 13, 2013
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external