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Volume 20, Number 12—December 2014
Dispatch

Reemergence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, South Korea, 2000–2011

Jong-Hyeon ParkComments to Author , Kwang-Nyeong Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Hyang-Sim Lee, Young-Joon Ko, Dong-Seob Tark, Yeun-Kyung Shin, Min-Goo Seo, and Byounghan Kim
Author affiliations: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

Main Article

Table

Characteristics of 5 outbreaks of foot-and mouth-disease, South Korea, 2000– 2011*

Characteristic
2000 Mar
2002 May
2010 Jan
2010 Apr
2010 Nov–
2011 Apr
Disease status
No. cases 15 16 7 13 153
No. virus-positive cases 15 16 7 29 3,700
Duration virus detected, d 22 52 28 29 145
Period of virus detection Mar 24–Apr 15 May 2–Jun 23 Jan 2–Jan 29 Apr 8–May 6 Nov 28–2011 
Apr 21
Host tropism Ruminant Pig (cattle) Ruminant Ruminant, pig Ruminant, pig
Serotype 
(topotype/lineage) O 
(ME-SA/PanAsia) O (ME-SA/PanAsia) A (ASIA/SEA-97) O (SEA/Mya-98) O (SEA/Mya-98)
No. affected provinces (cities or counties) 3 (6) 2 (4) 1 (2) 4 (4) 11 (75)
Economic losses, US$, millions 300 143 29 124 3,000
Date of disease-free status
2001 Sep 16
2002 Nov 29
2010 Sep 27
2010 Sep 27
2014 May 29
Control measures
Eradication policy Culling, vaccination Culling Culling Culling Culling, vaccination
No. cattle culled 2,021 1,372 2,905 10,858 150,864
No. pigs culled 63 158,708 2,953 38,274 3,318,298
No. other animals culled 132 75 98 742 10,800
Total culled 2,216 160,155 5,956 49,874 3,479,962
Area of culling, km radius 0.5 (all) 0.5 (all), 3 (pigs) 0.5 0.5, 3 (on 2 farms) 0.5
Vaccine strain O Manisa NA NA NA O Manisa
No. animals vaccinated 1st: 860,700, booster: 661,700 NA NA NA All susceptible animals
Vaccination range,
km radius 10 NA NA NA Nationwide
Serosurveillance area, 
km radius
20
10
10
10
10
Restricted zones, km radius
Management NA NA 10–20 10–20 10–20
Surveillance 10–20 3–10 3–10 3–10 3–10
Protection
0–10
0–3
0–3
0–3
0–3
Putative sources
Regions in Asia as 
possible sources Northeastern Northeastern Northeastern Northeastern Southeastern
Major sources of first outbreak International travelers, imported hay Overseas travel, foreign workers Foreign workers, international parcels Overseas travel Overseas travel
Low possibility sources of first outbreak Windborne spread of contaminated yellow sand, wild birds Swill, saw dust, wild animals and birds, yellow sand Overseas travel, imported forage, TMR feed, saw dust Imported forage, TMR feed Foreign workers, illegal livestock products
Possible transmission 
factor for domestic regions
Imported hay
Humans and vehicles
Humans (veterinarians, meetings, animal feeding)
Vehicles, humans
Vehicles, humans
References† (2,8) (3) (4) (6) (5,7)

*ME-SA, Middle East–South Asia; USD, US dollars; TMR, total mixed ration; NA, not applicable.
†Data were obtained from national epidemiology investigation reports on the 5 foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in South Korea and the references.

Main Article

Page created: November 19, 2014
Page updated: November 19, 2014
Page reviewed: November 19, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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