Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 20, Number 2—February 2014
Dispatch

Genetic Characterization of Coronaviruses from Domestic Ferrets, Japan

Yutaka Terada, Shohei Minami, Keita Noguchi, Hassan Y.A.H. Mahmoud, Hiroshi Shimoda, Masami Mochizuki, Yumi Une, and Ken MaedaComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Y. Terada, S. Minami, K. Noguchi, H.Y.A.H. Mahmoud, H. Shimoda, K. Maeda); Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (M. Mochizuki); Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan (Y. Une)

Main Article

Table 1

Detection of FRCoV from ferrets with clinical signs, Japan

Sample type No. (%) samples
Diarrhea, n = 34 Hypergammaglobulinemia, n = 6 Abdominal mass, n = 14 Nonrelated signs/ asymptomatic, n = 33
All FRCoV-positive samples† 25 (73.5) 5 (83.3) 7 (50.0) 17 (51.5)
Genoype I samples‡ 17 (50.0) 2 (33.3) 4 (28.6) 10 (30.3)
Genoype II samples§ 7 (20.6) 1 (16.7) 4 (28.6) 7 (21.2)

*FRCoV, ferret coronavirus; RT-PCR, reverse transcription PCR.
†RT-PCR was carried out by using FRCoV-specific primers.
‡RT-PCR was carried out by using type 1 FRCoV-specific primers (5).
§RT-PCR was carried out by using type 2 FRCoV-specific primers (5).

Main Article

References
  1. Williams  BH, Kiupel  M, West  KH, Raymond  JT, Grant  CK, Glickman  LT. Coronavirus-associated epizootic catarrhal enteritis in ferrets. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000;217:52630. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Wise  AG, Kiupel  M, Maes  RK. Molecular characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE) in ferrets. Virology. 2006;349:16474. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Garner  MM, Ramsell  K, Morera  N, Juan-Sallés  C, Jiménez  J, Ardiaca  M, Clinicopathologic features of a systemic coronavirus-associated disease resembling feline infectious peritonitis in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius). Vet Pathol. 2008;45:23646. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Martínez  J, Ramis  AJ, Reinacher  M, Perpiñán  D. Detection of feline infectious peritonitis virus–like antigen in ferrets. Vet Rec. 2006;158:523. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Wise  AG, Kiupel  M, Garner  MM, Clark  AK, Maes  RK. Comparative sequence analysis of the distal one-third of the genomes of a systemic and an enteric ferret coronavirus. Virus Res. 2010;149:4250. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Graham  E, Lamm  C, Denk  D, Stidworthy  MF, Carrasco  DC, Kubiak  M. Systemic coronavirus-associated disease resembling feline infectious peritonitis in ferrets in the UK. Vet Rec. 2012;171:2001. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Martínez  J, Reinacher  M, Perpiñán  D, Ramis  A. Identification of group 1 coronavirus antigen in multisystemic granulomatous lesions in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). J Comp Pathol. 2008;138:548. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Michimae  Y, Mikami  S, Okimoto  K, Toyosawa  K, Matsumoto  I, Kouchi  M, The first case of feline infectious peritonitis–like pyogranuloma in a ferret infected by coronavirus in Japan. J Toxicol Pathol. 2010;23:99101. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Poon  LL, Chu  DK, Chan  KH, Wong  OK, Ellis  TM, Leung  YH, Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats. J Virol. 2005;79:20019. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Tamura  K, Peterson  D, Peterson  N, Stecher  G, Nei  M, Kumar  S. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol. 2011;28:27319. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Provacia  LB, Smits  SL, Martina  BE, Raj  VS, Doel  PV, Amerongen  GV, Enteric coronavirus in ferrets, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17:15701 .PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Pedersen  NC, Liu  H, Dodd  KA, Pesavento  PA. Significance of coronavirus mutants in feces and diseased tissues of cats suffering from feline infectious peritonitis. Viruses. 2009;1:16684. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Chang  HW, de Groot  RJ, Egberink  HF, Rottier  PJ. Feline infectious peritonitis: insights into feline coronavirus pathobiogenesis and epidemiology based on genetic analysis of the viral 3c gene. J Gen Virol. 2010;91:41520. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Pedersen  NC. A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963–2008. J Feline Med Surg. 2009;11:22558. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Chang  HW, Egberink  HF, Halpin  R, Spiro  DJ, Rottier  PJ. Spike protein fusion peptide and feline coronavirus virulence. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:108995. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: January 17, 2014
Page updated: January 17, 2014
Page reviewed: January 17, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external