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Volume 21, Number 3—March 2015
CME ACTIVITY - Research

Epidemiology of Human Mycobacterium bovis Disease, California, USA, 2003–2011

Mark GallivanComments to Author , Neha Shah, and Jennifer Flood
Author affiliations: California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (M. Gallivan, N. Shah, J. Flood); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (N. Shah)

Main Article

Table 1

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of and treatment outcomes for case-patients with tuberculosis attributable to Mycobacterium bovis, California, USA, 2003–2011*

Characteristic or outcome No. (%) patients, by age group
p value No. patients/no. total (%), N = 742†
<15 y, n = 82 >15 y, n = 660
Sex 0.08
F 47 (57.3) 311 (47.1)
M
35 (42.7)
349 (52.9)

384 (52)
Race/ethnicity 0.0007
Hispanic 81 (98.8) 518/659 (78.6) 599/741 (80.7)
Asian, non-Hispanic 1 (1.2) 99/659 (15.0) 100/741 (13.5)
Black, non-Hispanic 0 8/659 (1.2) 8/741 (1.1)
White, non-Hispanic 0 29/659 (4.4) 29/741 (3.9)
Other
0
5/659 (0.8)

5/741 (0.7)
Country of birth <0.0001
United States 70 (85.4) 112 (17.0) 182 (24.5)
Mexico 11 (13.4) 426 (64.5) 437 (58.9)
Other†
1 (1.2)
122 (18.5)

123 (16.6)
Disease site <0.0001
Extrapulmonary only 71 (86.6) 248 (37.6) 319 (43.0)
Pulmonary only 3 (1.1) 266 (40.3) 269 (36.3)
Extrapulmonary and pulmonary
8 (5.2)
146 (22.1)

154 (20.7)
Positive acid-fast bacilli sputum smear‡ 2/7 (28.6) 223/390 (57.2) 0.25 225/397 (56.7)
Presence of cavitation on chest radiographs‡
1/8 (12.5)
89/383 (23.2)
0.69
90/391 (23.0)
Reported HIV co-infection
0 (0.0)
83 (12.6)
<0.0001
83 (11.2)
Health care provider type 0.002
Health department 16 (19.5) 252/644 (39.2) 268/726 (37.0)
Private/other 43 (52.4) 271/644 (42.0) 314/726 (43.2)
Health department and private/other
23 (28.1)
121/644 (18.8)

144/726 (19.8)
Dead at diagnosis
0 (0.0)
20 (3.5)
0.15
20 (3.1)
Treatment outcome 0.002
Patient died before completion 1/82 (1.2) 79/617 (12.8) 80/699 (11.4)
Completed treatment 79/82 (96.4) 511/617 (82.8) 590/699 (84.4)
Patient lost during treatment 1/82 (1.2) 12/617 (2.0) 13/699 (1.9)
Refused treatment 1/82 (1.2) 2/617 (0.3) 3/699 (0.4)
Other
0/82 (0.0)
13/617 (2.1)

13/699 (1.9)
Median no. months to treatment completion (IQR)§ 10.1 (9.1, 12.4) 9.4 (8.9, 12.0) 0.16 9.5 (8.9, 12.0)

*Data are no. (%) case-patients, except as noted. n values are indicated for categories with missing or incomplete data. AFB, acid-fast bacilli; IQR, interquartile range.
†Other countries (no. cases): Vietnam (33), Philippines (18), El Salvador (13), Cambodia (11), China (9), India (7), Indonesia (4), Guatemala (3), Peru (3), North Korea (3), Fiji (2), South Korea (2), Thailand (2), Cameroon (1), Chile (1), Egypt (1), Ethiopia (1), Honduras (1), Iran (1), Japan (1), Laos (1), Malaysia (1), Nicaragua (1), Taiwan (1), Tanzania (1), and Ukraine (1).
‡Among tested patients with any pulmonary disease involvement.
§Among patients who completed therapy.

Main Article

Page created: February 18, 2015
Page updated: February 18, 2015
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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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