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Volume 22, Number 3—March 2016
Research

Use of Transnational Services to Prevent Treatment Interruption in Tuberculosis-Infected Persons Who Leave the United States

Cynthia A. TschamplComments to Author , Deborah W. Garnick, Edward Zuroweste, Moaven Razavi, and Donald S. Shepard
Author affiliations: Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA (C.A. Tschampl, D.W. Garnick, M. Razavi, D.S. Shepard); Migrant Clinicians Network, Austin, Texas, USA (E. Zuroweste)

Main Article

Table 3

Estimated number of incident tuberculosis cases for all subgroups at risk for treatment interruption due to voluntary or involuntary departure from the United States, 2008–2012*

Table 3. Estimated number of incident tuberculosis cases for all subgroups at risk for treatment interruption due to voluntary or involuntary departure from the United States, 2008–2012*
Study subgroup No. cases, by year
 Yearly average (%)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Resided in United States with authorization
Tourist and business traveler 1,099 987 1,219 1,403 1,454 1,232 (44)
Student and exchange visitor† 696 657 785 791 745 735 (26)
Temporary worker† 474 394 473 503 475 464 (16)
Diplomat and other representative† 47 46 50 50 49 49 (2)
All other NIV classes 24 22 21 21 20 21 (1)
Unknown NIV class 10 9 15 10 8 10
Canada residents, no I-94 card 21 19 15 15 15 17 (1)
Mexico residents, no I-94 card
 64
 60
 54
 52
 55
 57 (2)
Resided in United States without authorization
Detained then removed 173 175 166 196 218 186 (7)
Nondetained, removed 6 6 6 6 6 6
Mexico resident, voluntary departures 35 42 39 40 39 39 (1)
All other voluntary departures
 10
 12
 11
 11
 11
 11
Total 2,659 2,430 2,853 3,099 3,094 2,827

*I-94 card, the entry/exit form that all nonimmigrant visitors (except certain ones from Mexico and Canada) must fill out; NIV, nonimmigrant visa.
†Corresponding spouses and children were included in each of these categories; see Technical Appendix Table 1 for full list of visas included in each subgroup.

Main Article

1Preliminary results from this study were presented at the joint The Union–North America Region and the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association meeting, February 24–27, 2016, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Page created: February 18, 2016
Page updated: February 18, 2016
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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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