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Volume 22, Number 3—March 2016
CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis

Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis Outbreaks, United States, 1938–2013

Kaitlin BenedictComments to Author  and Rajal K. Mody
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Outbreaks and cases of histoplasmosis, by outbreak setting, United States, 1938–2013

Setting No. outbreaks
No. cases*
Total 1938–1963 1964–1989 1989–2013 Total Mean Median Range
Building 19 7 7 5 437 23 12 2–138
Chicken coop 17 14 3 0 105 6 4 2–40
Farm† 12 10 2 0 52 4 4 2–10
Outdoors, not specified 11 6 5 0 65 6 2 2–30
Cave‡ 9 2 6 1 96 11 6 3–24
Residential area 7 4 2 1 74 11 8 3–26
Outdoor structure§ 7 3 3 1 142 20 7 2–101
School or university 6 2 2 2 866 144 44 12–383
Other¶ 5 2 0 3 195 39 27 6–108
Citywide windborne 4 1 3 0 538 135 65 28–381
Bamboo field 3 0 2 1 27 9 6 3–18
Prison 3 0 1 2 163 54 72 6–85
Campsite 2 0 1 1 90 45 45 36–54
All outbreaks 105 51 37 17 2,850 27 6 2–383

*Means and medians have been rounded to nearest whole number.
†Not specifically a chicken coop.
‡Four of 9 cave-associated outbreaks occurred in Puerto Rico.
§Bridge (4 outbreaks), chapel (1 outbreak), and water tower (2 outbreaks). These outbreaks were work related except for the chapel-related outbreak.
¶Agricultural processing plant, storm cellar, park, landfill, and paper factory.

Main Article

Page created: February 11, 2016
Page updated: February 11, 2016
Page reviewed: February 11, 2016
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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