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Volume 22, Number 8—August 2016
Research

Virulence and Evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960–2012

Natalie A. Prow12, Judith H. Edmonds2, David T. Williams, Yin X. Setoh, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Willy W. Suen, Jody Hobson-Peters, Andrew F. van den Hurk, Alyssa T. Pyke, Sonja Hall-Mendelin, Judith A. Northill, Cheryl A. Johansen, David Warrilow, Jianning Wang, Peter D. Kirkland, Stephen Doggett, Christy C. Andrade3, Aaron C. Brault, Alexander A. Khromykh4Comments to Author , and Roy A. Hall4Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia (N.A. Prow, J.H. Edmonds, Y.X. Setoh, H. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, W.W. Suen, J. Hobson-Peters, A.A. Khromykh, R.A. Hall); CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (D.T. Williams, J. Wang); The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia (H. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, W.W. Suen); Department of Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (A.F. van den Hurk, A.T. Pyke, S. Hall-Mendelin, J.A. Northill, D. Warrilow); The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia (C.A. Johansen); Elizabeth Macarthur Agriculture Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia (P.D. Kirkland); University of Sydney and Pathology West–ICPMR, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia (S. Doggett); University of California, Davis, California, USA (C.C. Andrade, A.C. Brault); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (C.C. Andrade, A.C. Brault)

Main Article

Table 2

Binding patterns of monoclonal antibodies to WNV strains in ELISA*

Strain Year of isolation Monoclonal antibodies, by specificity
Panflavivirus, 4G2, anti-env Pan-WNV, 2B2, anti-env WNVKUN-specific
 Glycosylated E, 17D7 Unglycosylated E, 3.101C MVEV-specific, 10C6
10A1, anti-env 5D4, anti-NS5 5H1, anti-NS5
WNVKUN†
KUN1960 1960 + + + + + – + –
Boort 1984 + + + + + + – –
K2499 1984 + + + + + + – –
SH183 1991 + + + + + + – –
K6453 1991 + + + + + + – –
Hu6774 1991 + + + + + + – –
Gu0631 2000 + + + + + + – –
Gu1009 2000 + + + + + + – –
K68967 2009 + + + + – + – –
P9974 2009 + + + + – + – –
NSW2011 2011 + + + + – + – –
K74015 2011 + + + + – + – –
NSW2012
 2012
 +
 +
 +
 +
 –
 +
 –
 –
Reference
WNVNY99 1999 + + – + – + – –
MVEV1–51 1951 + – – – – – – +

*Binding of a monoclonal antibody was designated as positive if the optical density was at least double the optical density of the negative control (mock-infected C6/36 cells). E, envelope protein; MVEV, Murray Valley encephalitis virus; NS5, nonstructural protein 5; WNV, West Nile virus; WNVKUN, Kunjin strain of WNV; +, positive; –, negative.
†WNVKUN strains collected during 1960–2012, Australia.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

2These authors contributed equally to the major technical aspects of the work.

3Current affiliation: Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, USA.

4These authors served as joint senior authors.

Page created: July 15, 2016
Page updated: July 15, 2016
Page reviewed: July 15, 2016
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