Volume 23, Number 11—November 2017
Research
Symptom- and Laboratory-Based Ebola Risk Scores to Differentiate Likely Ebola Infections
Shefali Oza
, Alieu A. Sesay, Neal J. Russell, Kevin Wing, Sabah Boufkhed, Lahai Vandi, Sahr C. Sebba, Rachael Cummings, and Francesco Checchi
, Alieu A. Sesay, Neal J. Russell, Kevin Wing, Sabah Boufkhed, Lahai Vandi, Sahr C. Sebba, Rachael Cummings, and Francesco Checchi
Table 2
Patient clinical symptoms by Ebola status at the Kerry Town ETC, Sierra Leone, 2014–2015*
| Symptom |
EVD negative, no. (%), n = 172 |
EVD positive, no. (%), n = 252 |
Univariable logistic regression | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient (95% CI) |
p value |
|||
| Fever† | 165 (95.9) | 230 (91.3) | −0.81 (−1.69 to 0.06) | 0.068 |
| Headache† | 132 (76.7) | 161 (63.9) | −0.62 (−1.06 to −0.19) | 0.005 |
| Fatigue | 158 (91.9) | 226 (89.7) | −0.26 (−0.94 to 0.42) | 0.452 |
| Joint/muscle pain† | 146 (84.9) | 182 (72.2) | −0.77 (−1.27 to −0.27) | 0.003 |
| Diarrhea† | 68 (39.5) | 165 (65.5) | 1.06 (0.66 to 1.47) | <0.001 |
| Bleeding | 20 (11.6) | 27 (10.7) | −0.09 (−0.71 to 0.52) | 0.769 |
| Difficulty breathing† | 93 (54.1) | 48 (19.1) | −1.61 (−2.04 to −1.18) | <0.001 |
| Nausea/vomiting† | 95 (55.2) | 173 (68.7) | 0.57 (0.17 to 0.98) | 0.005 |
| Abdominal pain | 111 (64.5) | 162 (64.3) | −0.01 (−0.42 to 0.39) | 0.958 |
| Hiccups† | 39 (22.7) | 42 (16.7) | −0.38 (−0.87 to 0.10) | 0.124 |
| Swallowing pain | 56 (32.6) | 90 (35.7) | 0.14 (−0.27 to 0.55) | 0.502 |
| Loss of appetite/anorexia† | 156 (90.7) | 174 (69.1) | −1.47 (−2.05 to −0.90) | <0.001 |
| Conjunctivitis† | 44 (25.6) | 122 (48.4) | 1.00 (0.58 to 1.43) | <0.001 |
| Rash† | 6 (3.5) | 16 (6.4) | 0.63 (−0.33 to 1.59) | 0.199 |
*ETC, Ebola treatment center EVD; Ebola virus disease.
†p<0.40 and thus retained to construct candidate symptom combinations.
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