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Volume 23, Number 2—February 2017
Dispatch

Seroprevalence and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Virus before and after Virus Reassortment, Cambodia, 2006–2014

Sowath Ly, Paul F. Horwood, Malen Chan, Sareth Rith, Sopheak Sorn, Kunthea Oeung, Kunthy Nguon, Siam Chan, Phalla Y, Amy Parry, Reiko Tsuyuoka, Sovann Ly, Beat Richner, Denis Laurent, Sirenda Vong, Philippe Dussart, Philippe Buchy, and Arnaud TarantolaComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (S. Ly, P. Horwood, M. Chan, P. Y, S. Rith, S. Sorn, K. Oeung K. Nguon, S. Chan, S. Vong, P. Dussart,, P. Buchy, A. Tarantola); World Health Organization, Phnom Penh (A. Parry, R. Tsuyuoka); Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh (S. Ly); Kantha Bopha Children's Hospitals, Siem Reap and Phnom Penh, Cambodia (B. Richner, D. Laurent); GSK Vaccines R&D, Singapore (P. Buchy)

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Table

Seroprevalence of influenza A(H5N1) virus in affected villages (excluding index cases), Cambodia, 2005–2014*

Reference Country, population type Year Clade Testing method Village population No. positive/no. tested % Positive (95% CI)†
(5) Cambodia, villagers 2005 1 MN, WB 1,146 0/351 0 (0–0.01)
(6) Cambodia villagers 2006 1 MN 1,192 7/674 1.0 (0–2.2)
(2) Cambodia villagers 2007 1.1.1 MN, HI 847 18/700 2.6 (0.2–4.1)
Unpub. data Cambodia, villagers 2009 1.1.1 MN, HI 927 10/622 1.6 (0.9–3.0)
Unpub. data Cambodia, villagers 2010 1.1.2 MN, HI 452 0/366 0 (0–0.01)
This study Cambodia, villagers 2014 1.1.2R‡ MN, HI 695 1/238 0.4 (0.1–3.0)
This study Cambodia, villagers 2014 1.1.2R‡ MN, HI 921 1/643 0.1 (0.0–1.1)
Cambodia, 2004–2010 studies 4,564 35/2,713 1.3 (0.9–1.8)
Cambodia, 2014 1,616 2/881 0.2 (0.1–0.9)
Cambodia, all studies 2004–2014 6180 37/3,594 1.0 (0.7–1.4)

*Positive results were determined by using World Health Organization criteria. HI, hemagglutination inhibition assay; MN, microneutralization assay; WB, Western blot.
†Poisson interval. An additional study conducted in 2008 in Cambodia focused on 394 soldiers (majority), support personnel, and their families in a confirmed H5N1 virus hotspot. No infections were found (prevalence 0%; 95% CI 0.0%–0.01%). The collective exposure was different from previous studies (soldiers had little or no exposure to poultry), so these data were not included in the table.
‡Clade 1.1.2 reassortant strain with internal and matrix genes originating from clade 2.3.2.1.

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References
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Page updated: January 17, 2017
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