Volume 23, Number 8—August 2017
Research
Clinical Laboratory Values as Early Indicators of Ebola Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primates
Ronald B. Reisler, Chenggang Yu, Michael J. Donofrio, Travis K. Warren, Jay B. Wells, Kelly S. Stuthman, Nicole L. Garza, Sean A. Vantongeren, Ginger C. Donnelly, Christopher D. Kane, Mark G. Kortepeter, Sina Bavari, and Anthony P. Cardile
Table 1
Baseline characteristics and clinical data for 3 nonhuman primate models of lethal Ebola virus disease*
| Variable |
Models of infection |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhesus macaque with |
p value† |
Cynomolgus macaque with Kikwit strain, n = 6 |
p value‡ |
||
| Kikwit strain, n = 18 |
Makona strain, n = 6 |
||||
| Baseline characteristic | |||||
| Weight, kg | 4.92 | 4.79 | 0.894 | 4.44 | 0.526 |
| Age, y |
3.94 |
3.49 |
0.575 |
4.92 |
0.107 |
| Postchallenge clinical data | |||||
| Survival time, h | 186.9 | 337.5 | 0.005 | 175.2 | 0.739 |
| Clinical responsiveness score, d§ | |||||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | None | 0 | None |
| 5 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.078 | 0.55 | 0.729 |
| 7 | 1.64 | 0.17 | 0.004 | 2.60 | 0.059 |
| Presence of petechial rash, d | 5.65 | 8.17 | <0.001 | 5.17 | 0.265 |
| Decreased food consumption, d | 5.11 | 8.33 | <0.001 | 4.67 | 0.178 |
| Presence of anuria, d | 6.43 | 8.20 | 0.008 | 6.40 | 0.500 |
*Data are means.
†For rhesus macaque model with Ebola virus (EBOV) Kikwit strain vs. Makona strain. Bold indicates p<0.05.
‡For rhesus macaque model with EBOV Kikwit strain vs. cynomolgus macaque model with EBOV Kikwit strain.
§Clinical Responsiveness Score: 0 = active, 1 = decreased activity; 2 = mildly unresponsive (becomes active when approached), occasional prostration; 3 = moderate unresponsiveness (may require prodding to respond), weakness; 4 = moderate to severe unresponsiveness (requires prodding), moderate prostration; 5 = moribund, severe unresponsiveness, pronounced prostration.
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