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Volume 24, Number 3—March 2018
Research

Acquired Resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2000–2015

Miranda G. LoutetComments to Author , Jennifer A. Davidson, Tim Brown, Martin Dedicoat, H. Lucy Thomas, and Maeve K. Lalor
Author affiliations: Public Health England, London, UK (M.G. Loutet, J.A. Davidson, T. Brown, H.L. Thomas, M.K. Lalor); Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK (M. Dedicoat); University College London, London (M.K. Lalor)

Main Article

Table 7

Univariable and multivariable logistic regression model 2 for acquired resistance to anti-TB drugs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2010–2015*

Characteristic No acquired drug resistance, no. (%) Acquired drug resistance, no. (%) Univariable analysis
 Multivariable analysis
OR (95% CI) p value aOR (95% CI) p value
Age, y
0–14 467 (1.8 ) 0 NA NA NA NA
15–44 17,119 (64.6) 48 (64.9) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
45–64 5,429 (20.5) 23 (31.1) 1.5 (0.9–2.5) 0.1 1.9 (1.0–3 6) 0.04
>65
 3,503 (13.2)
 3 (4.1)
 0.3 (0.1–0.9)
 0.05
0.6 (0.2–2.2)
 0.5
Sex
F 10,664 (40.3) 24 (32.4) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
M
 15,820 (59.7)
 50 (67.6)
 1.4 (0.9–2.3)
 0.2
1.3 (0.7–2.3)
 0.4
Site of disease
Extrapulmonary only 10,069 (38.0) 10 (13.5) 1.0 NA NA 1.0 NA
Pulmonary with or 
without extrapulmonary
 16,443 (62.0)
 64 (86.5)
 3.9 (2.0–7.6)
 <0.001
2.7 (1.2–6.0)
 0.01
Initial drug resistance
Drug sensitive 24,659 (93.0) 25 (33.8) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
Isoniazid resistance 
without MDR 1,446 (5.4) 13 (17.6) 8.9 (4.5–17.4) <0.001 6.5 (2.9–14.4) <0.001
Rifampin resistance 
without MDR 50 (0.2) 1 (1.4) 19.7 (2.6–148.4) 0.004 14.7 (1.8–123.0) 0.01
MDR
 363 (1.4)
 35 (47.3)
 95.1 (56.3–160.5)
 <0.001
77.3 (39.1–152.8)
 <0.001
Country of birth
United Kingdom 6,239 (24.6) 21 (29.2) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
China 183 (0.7) 3 (4.2) 4.9 (1.4–16.5) 0.01 2.1 (0.5–9.5) 0.3
India 5,470 (21.6) 5 (6.9) 0.3 (0.1–0.7) 0.01 0.3 (0.1–0.8) 0.02
Lithuania 181 (0.7) 8 (11.1) 13.3 (5.7–30.0) <0.001 0.6 (0.2–1.8) 0.3
Pakistan 3,270 (12.9) 5 (6.9) 0.5 (0.2–1.2) 0.1 0.7 (0.2–2.5) 0.6
Somalia 1,191 (4.7) 3 (4.2) 0.8 (0.2–2.5) 0.7 0.6 (0.1–2.7) 0.5
South Africa 174 (0.7) 1 (1.4) 1.7 (0.2–12.8) 0.6 1.3 (0.1–11.7) 0.8
Nigeria 579 (2.3) 2 (2.8) 1.0 (0.2–4.4) 0.9 0.9 (0.1–6.9) 0.9
Other
 8,080 (31.8)
 24 (33.3)
 0.9 (0.5–1.6)
 0.7
0.7 (0.3–1.4)
 0.3
Previous TB episode
No 23,799 (94.5) 57 (80.3) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
Yes
 1,391 (5.5)
 14 (19.7)
 4.2 (2.3–7.6)
 <0.001
1.7 (0.8–3.4)
 0.2
Social risk factors
0 20,163 (88.4) 47 (72.3) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
>1
 2,632 (11.6)
 18 (27.7)
 2.9 (1.7–5.1)
 <0.001
1.0 (0.5–2.0)
 1.0
Organism lineage
Euro-American 8,631 (39.3) 18 (26.5) 1.0 NA 1.0 NA
Central Asian 6,013 (27.4) 9 (13.2) 0.7 (0.3–1.6) 0.4 1.0 (0.4–2.8) 0.9
East-African-Indian 3,098 (14.1) 6 (8.8) 0.9 (0.4–2.3) 0.9 1.3 (0.5–3.9) 0.6
Beijing 1,230 (5.6) 23 (33.8) 9.0 (4.8–16.7) <0.001 3.4 (1.6–7.4) 0.002
Mycobacterium africanum 192 (0.9) 0 NA NA NA NA
M.bovis 124 (0.6) 2 (2.9) 7.7 (1.8-33.7) 0.01 10.3 (2.1–49.8) 0.004
Multiple 599 (2.7) 2 (2.9) 1.6 (0.4–7.0) 0.5 1.4 (0.3–6.7) 0.7
None 2,076 (9.4) 8 (11.8) 1.8 (0.8–4.3) 0.1 1.9 (0.8–4.9) 0.2

*aOR, adjusted OR; MDR, multidrug-resistant; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; TB, tuberculosis.

Main Article

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