Volume 25, Number 1—January 2019
Research
Risk Factors for Elizabethkingia Acquisition and Clinical Characteristics of Patients, South Korea
Min Hyuk Choi, Myungsook Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Jun Yong Choi1
, In-Yong Lee, Tai-Soon Yong, Dongeun Yong, Seok Hoon Jeong, and Kyungwon Lee1
, In-Yong Lee, Tai-Soon Yong, Dongeun Yong, Seok Hoon Jeong, and Kyungwon Lee1
Table 3
Variables possibly associated with acquisition of Elizabethkingia species, before and after propensity score matching, in a tertiary teaching hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| Variable |
Before matching | After matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case-patients, n = 74 |
Control-patients, n = 6,509 |
p value |
Case-patients, n = 52 |
Control-patients, n = 156 |
p value |
||
| Ward, no. (%) | <0.01 | 0.54 | |||||
| Ward A | 24 (32.4) | 587 (9.0) | 21 (40.4) | 76 (48.7) | |||
| Ward B | 36 (48.6) | 2,607 (40.1) | 25 (48.1) | 62 (39.7) | |||
| Intensive care unit 1 |
14 (18.9) |
3,315 (50.9) |
6 (11.5) |
18 (11.5) |
|||
| Period of admission, no. (%) | 0.26 | 0.79 | |||||
| 2016 Jan–Mar | 14 (18.9) | 1,073 (16.5) | 6 (11.5) | 32 (20.5) | |||
| 2016 Apr–Jun | 14 (18.9) | 1,172 (18.0) | 10 (19.2) | 27 (17.3) | |||
| 2016 Jul–Sep | 11 (14.9) | 1,078 (16.6) | 11 (21.2) | 30 (19.2) | |||
| 2016 Oct–Dec | 16 (21.6) | 1,141 (17.5) | 6 (11.5) | 13 (8.3) | |||
| 2017 Jan–Mar | 15 (20.3) | 1,058 (16.3) | 10 (19.2) | 27 (17.3) | |||
| 2017 Apr–Jun |
4 (5.4) |
987 (15.2) |
9 (17.3) |
27 (17.3) |
|||
| Median stay in 3 wards, d (range) | 55 (20–131) | 3 (2–8) | <0.01 | 32 (6–59) | 20 (5–49) | 0.27 | |
| Median age, y (range) |
66.5 (59.0–76.0) |
67.0 (57.0–75.0) |
0.72 |
63.5 (57.5–73.0) |
66.5 (54.0–77.0) |
0.79 |
|
| Sex, no. (%) | 0.44 | 0.63 | |||||
| M | 44 (59.5) | 4,197 (64.5) | 28 (53.8) | 76 (48.7) | |||
| F |
30 (40.5) |
2,312 (35.5) |
24 (46.2) |
80 (51.3) |
|||
| Median Charlson comorbidity index (range) |
6 (4.0–7.0) |
5 (4.0–7.0) |
0.14 |
6 (4.0–6.5) |
6 (3.0–7.0) |
0.99 |
|
| Comorbidities, no. (%)* | |||||||
| Solid-organ tumor | 18 (24.3) | 1,766 (27.1) | 0.68 | 11 (21.2) | 53 (34.0) | 0.12 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (14.9) | 894 (13.7) | 0.91 | 7 (13.5) | 21 (13.5) | 0.99 | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 9 (12.2) | 207 (3.2) | <0.01 | 5 (9.6) | 9 (5.8) | 0.52 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 11 (14.9) | 618 (9.5) | 0.17 | 8 (15.4) | 16 (10.3) | 0.45 | |
| Hematologic malignancy | 6 (8.1) | 164 (2.5) | 0.01 | 4 (7.7) | 9 (5.8) | 0.87 | |
| Dementia | 3 (4.1) | 147 (2.3) | 0.52 | 2 (3.8) | 8 (5.1) | 0.99 | |
| Connective tissue disease | 3 (4.1) | 253 (3.9) | 0.99 | 3 (5.8) | 9 (5.8) | 0.99 | |
| Mild liver disease | 2 (2.7) | 82 (1.3) | 0.56 | 1 (1.9) | 3 (1.9) | 0.99 | |
| Steroid use | 23 (31.1) | 562 (8.6) | <0.01 | 14 (26.9) | 34 (21.8) | 0.57 | |
| Mechanical ventilation |
72 (97.3) |
1,258 (19.3) |
<0.01 |
50 (96.2) |
62 (39.7) |
<0.01 |
|
| Antimicrobial exposure, no. (%) | |||||||
| Penicillin† | 5 (6.8) | 393 (6.0) | 0.99 | 2 (3.8) | 15 (9.6) | 0.31 | |
| 1st-generation cephalosporin | 2 (2.7) | 445 (6.8) | 0.24 | 1 (1.9) | 11 (7.1) | 0.30 | |
| 2nd-generation cephalosporin | 2 (2.7) | 184 (2.8) | 0.99 | 2 (3.8) | 2 (1.3) | 0.56 | |
| 3rd-generation cephalosporin | 26 (35.1) | 1,089 (16.7) | <0.01 | 15 (28.8) | 40 (25.6) | 0.79 | |
| 4th-generation cephalosporin | 0 | 1 | 0.99 | 0 | 0 | NA | |
| Aminoglycoside | 13 (17.6) | 118 (1.8) | <0.01 | 10 (19.2) | 12 (7.7) | 0.04 | |
| Glycopeptide | 40 (54.1) | 481 (7.4) | <0.01 | 27 (51.9) | 40 (25.6) | <0.01 | |
| Linezolid | 6 (8.1) | 40 (0.6) | <0.01 | 5 (9.6) | 5 (3.2) | 0.13 | |
| Carbapenem | 42 (56.8) | 416 (6.4) | <0.01 | 27 (51.9) | 42 (26.9) | <0.01 | |
| Tetracycline | 12 (16.2) | 58 (0.9) | <0.01 | 5 (9.6) | 7 (4.5) | 0.30 | |
| Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole | 17 (23.0) | 245 (3.8) | <0.01 | 11 (21.2) | 15 (9.6) | 0.05 | |
| Lincosamide | 7 (9.5) | 40 (0.6) | <0.01 | 2 (3.8) | 2 (1.3) | 0.56 | |
| Macrolide | 1 (1.4) | 286 (4.4) | 0.32 | 1 (1.9) | 4 (2.6) | 0.99 | |
| Fluoroquinolone | 43 (58.1) | 871 (13.4) | <0.01 | 30 (57.7) | 45 (28.8) | <0.01 | |
| Other | 5 (6.8) | 100 (1.5) | <0.01 | 4 (7.7) | 5 (3.2) | 0.33 | |
*May be multiple.
†Includes aminopenicillin, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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