TY - JOUR AU - Taravilla, Carmen Niño AU - Pérez-Sebastián, Isabel AU - Salido, Alberto García AU - Serrano, Claudia Varela AU - Extremera, Verónica Cantarín AU - Rodríguez, Anna Duat AU - Marín, Laura López AU - Sanz, Mercedes Alonso AU - Traba, Olga María Suárez AU - González, Ana Serrano T1 - Enterovirus A71 Infection and Neurologic Disease, Madrid, Spain, 2016 T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2019 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 25 SN - 1080-6059 AB - We conducted an observational study from January 2016 through January 2017 of patients admitted to a reference pediatric hospital in Madrid, Spain, for neurologic symptoms and enterovirus infection. Among the 30 patients, the most common signs and symptoms were fever, lethargy, myoclonic jerks, and ataxia. Real-time PCR detected enterovirus in the cerebrospinal fluid of 8 patients, nasopharyngeal aspirate in 17, and anal swab samples of 5. The enterovirus was genotyped for 25 of 30 patients; enterovirus A71 was the most common serotype (21/25) and the only serotype detected in patients with brainstem encephalitis or encephalomyelitis. Treatment was intravenous immunoglobulins for 21 patients and corticosteroids for 17. Admission to the pediatric intensive care unit was required for 14 patients. All patients survived. At admission, among patients with the most severe disease, leukocytes were elevated. For children with brainstem encephalitis or encephalomyelitis, clinicians should look for enterovirus and not limit testing to cerebrospinal fluid. KW - Enterovirus epidemic KW - epidemiology KW - encephalitis KW - encephalomyelitis KW - viruses KW - Madrid KW - Spain KW - neurologic disease KW - Enterovirus KW - epidemic KW - meningitis/encephalitis DO - 10.3201/eid2501.181089 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/25/1/18-1089_article ER - End of Reference