Volume 25, Number 7—July 2019
Dispatch
Carbapenem and Cephalosporin Resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in Healthcare-Associated Infections, California, USA1
, Sam Horwich-Scholefield, and Erin Epson
Table 2
Carbapenem and cephalosporin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae reported in healthcare-associated infections by California hospitals, aggregated by county, 2014–2017*
| County | Carbapenems |
Cephalosporins |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014–2015 |
2016–2017 |
2014–2015 |
2016–2017 |
||||||||
| No. (%) isolates† | % R | No. (%) isolates† | % R | No. (%) isolates† | % R | No. (%) isolates† | % R | ||||
| Alameda | 280 (72.4) | 1.8 | 342 (84) | 2.0 | 215 (56.3) | 27.4 | 258 (63.2) | 29.8 | |||
| Butte | 40 (97.6) | 0 | 46 (93.9) | 0 | 40 (100) | 22.5 | 47 (97.9) | 14.9 | |||
| Contra Costa | 141 (50.5) | 5.7 | 197 (57.8) | 3.0 | 120 (43.8) | 40.0 | 159 (46.9) | 40.3 | |||
| Fresno | 324 (91.3) | 0 | 379 (95.5) | 0.3 | 293 (85.4) | 18.4 | 351 (89.5) | 21.1 | |||
| Imperial | 33 (100) | 3.0 | NS | NS | 32 (97.0) | 43.8 | NS | NS | |||
| Kern | 165 (97.6) | 1.8 | 137 (89) | 0.7 | 100 (61.0) | 17.0 | 110 (71.9) | 19.1 | |||
| Kings | 35 (100) | 0 | 33 (100) | 0 | 36 (100) | 16.7 | 33 (100) | 27.3 | |||
| Los Angeles | 1,294 (46.9) | 6.6 | 1,477 (49.6) | 7.1 | 2,044 (74.7) | 28.7 | 2,263 (75.8) | 32.4 | |||
| Marin | 38 (97.4) | 0 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | |||
| Monterey | 85 (95.5) | 0 | 111 (78.7) | 0 | 69 (76.7) | 8.7 | 112 (80.6) | 16.1 | |||
| Napa | NS | NS | 31 (93.9) | 0 | NS | NS | 32 (97.0) | 9.4 | |||
| Orange | 365 (56.6) | 3.6 | 363 (54.7) | 4.1 | 530 (85.8) | 26.4 | 548 (84.8) | 24.5 | |||
| Placer | 70 (70.0) | 1.4 | 108 (89.3) | 1.9 | 60 (60.0) | 21.7 | 79 (64.8) | 24.1 | |||
| Riverside | 233 (56.0) | 3.4 | 249 (55.8) | 2.4 | 315 (77.2) | 23.8 | 371 (84.1) | 22.6 | |||
| Sacramento | 381 (86.6) | 1.0 | 392 (81.8) | 3.3 | 336 (78.1) | 22.9 | 388 (82.9) | 27.3 | |||
| San Bernardino | 301 (67.9) | 3.0 | 337 (72.9) | 3.0 | 217 (61.8) | 33.2 | 212 (67.9) | 42.5 | |||
| San Diego | 657 (53.8) | 4.0 | 573 (50.8) | 3.1 | 946 (80.0) | 32.7 | 901 (81.5) | 31.7 | |||
| San Francisco | 405 (96.4) | 1.2 | 432 (96.0) | 2.1 | 374 (87.4) | 21.7 | 381 (84.1) | 22.6 | |||
| San Joaquin | 61 (71.8) | 0 | 53 (54.1) | 3.8 | 80 (94.1) | 16.3 | 95 (97.9) | 18.9 | |||
| San Luis Obispo | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | 30 (100) | 13.3 | |||
| San Mateo | 137 (98.6) | 0.7 | 107 (98.2) | 2.8 | 92 (67.2) | 28.3 | 82 (73.9) | 25.6 | |||
| Santa Barbara | 113 (99.1) | 1.8 | 106 (98.1) | 0.9 | 108 (95.6) | 11.1 | 107 (99.1) | 11.2 | |||
| Santa Clara | 370 (55.2) | 1.4 | 557 (69.2) | 1.8 | 413 (62.5) | 25.9 | 659 (81.1) | 26.9 | |||
| Shasta | NS | NS | NS | NS | 67 (97.1) | 11.9 | 59 (96.7) | 10.2 | |||
| Solano | 91 (95.8) | 6.6 | 121 (99.2) | 0.8 | 55 (58.5) | 32.7 | 80 (67.2) | 35.0 | |||
| Sonoma | 71 (68.3) | 0 | 99 (92.5) | 1.0 | 81 (78.6) | 17.3 | 77 (72.6) | 14.3 | |||
| Stanislaus | 92 (62.2) | 2.2 | 98 (66.2) | 1.0 | 106 (74.6) | 29.2 | 98 (68.1) | 28.6 | |||
| Tulare | NS | NS | NS | NS | 36 (69.2) | 22.2 | 41 (74.5) | 14.6 | |||
| Ventura | 42 (29.0) | 0 | 61 (48.4) | 3.3 | 128 (89.5) | 11.7 | 119 (95.2) | 20.2 | |||
| Yuba | NS | NS | 36 (97.3) | 2.8 | NS | 27.4 | 37 (97.4) | 13.5 | |||
*Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to imipenem, meropenem, doripenem, or ertapenem. Enterobacteriaceae resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, or cefotaxime were cephalosporin resistant. The percentage of resistant Enterobacteriaceae is not shown when <30 Enterobacteriaceae are reported within a county. NS, not shown; % R, percentage resistant.
†The number and percentage of Enterobacteriaceae with reported antimicrobial susceptibility test results as a proportion of the overall number reported (i.e., with or without antimicrobial susceptibility test results).
1Preliminary data from this analysis were presented in a poster at IDWeek 2018 in San Francisco, California, USA, October 5, 2018.