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Volume 26, Number 5—May 2020
CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis

Food Safety and Invasive Cronobacter Infections during Early Infancy, 1961–2018

Jonathan Strysko, Jennifer R. CopeComments to Author , Haley Martin, Cheryl Tarr, Kelley Hise, Sarah Collier, and Anna Bowen
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Characteristics of 183 infants with invasive Cronobacter infection, overall and by clinical syndrome type, geographic location, and reporting period, 1961–2018*

Characteristic* Overall Syndrome type
United States
Outside United States
Bacteremia Meningitis 1st–3rd quarters, 1961–2003 4th quarter, 2004–2018 1st–3rd quarters, 1961–2003 4th quarter, 2004–2018
Sex
F 50/103 (49) 20/35 (57) 30/68 (44) 7/17 (44) 24/49 (49) 9/19 (53) 9/18 (50)
M
53/103 (51)
15/35 (43)
38/68 (56)

10/17 (56)
25/49 (51)

10/19 (47)
9/18 (50)
Cesarean delivery 33/58 (57) 13/19 (68) 20/39 (51) 2/5 (40) 20/24 (48) 7/10 (70) 0/1 (100)
Died 42/112 (38) 13/46 (28) 29/66 (44) 4/21 (19) 9/42 (21) 14/27 (52) 14/21 (67)
Neonatal onset 100/150 (67) 36/55 (65) 64/95 (67) 16/24 (67) 40/55 (73) 19/20 (95) 16/20 (80)
Median onset age, d 13 (7–28) 17 (9–33) 11 (6–22) 20 (10–35) 16.5 (11–30) 5 (4–14) 11.5 (5–60)
Median EGA, wks 36 (31–40) 31 (27–39) 36 (32.2–39) 32 (30–36) 37 (32.2–39) 37 (32–40) 31 (27.7–40)
Median birthweight, g 2,155 (1,400–2,948) 1,626 (1,044–2,845) 2,514 (1,843–2,989) 1,475 (900–2,477) 2,594 (1,815–3,118) 2,277 (1,545–2,775) 1,570 (1,269–1,980)
Community onset 57/119 (48) 32/48 (67) 41/71 (58) 8/18 (44) 42/54 (77) 2/25 (8) 5/22 (23)
Full-term birth 41/100 (41) 11/33 (33) 30/67 (45) 4/18(22) 27/48 (57) 10/20 (50) 1/15 (7)
Late preterm birth 29/100 (29) 4/33 (12) 25/67 (37) 5/18 (27) 13/48 (27) 6/20 (30) 6/15 (40)
Early preterm birth 30/100 (30) 18/33 (55) 12/66 (18) 9/18 (50) 9/48 (19) 4/20 (20) 8/15 (53)
Outbreak-associated 33/125 (26) 11/47(23) 22/78(28) 4/21 (19) 2/53 (4) 20/29 (69) 7/22 (32)

*Values are no. (%) or median (interquartile range). Neonatal onset defined as <28 d after birth; full-term birth was ≥37 weeks EGA; late preterm birth, 32–37 weeks EGA; early preterm birth, <32 weeks EGA. Outbreak-associated was defined as a clinical isolate’s pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern indistinguishable from that of another case (invasive, noninvasive, or colonized) or if detected in proximity with other cases both temporally (within 6 mo) and spatially (in the same home or hospital). Bold type indicates statistical significance (p<0.05) between reporting periods or syndrome types. EGA, estimated gestational age.

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Page created: April 15, 2020
Page updated: April 15, 2020
Page reviewed: April 15, 2020
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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