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Volume 27, Number 11—November 2021
Dispatch

Socioeconomic Patterns of COVID-19 Clusters in Low-Incidence City, Hong Kong

Gary K.K. Chung, Siu-Ming Chan, Yat-Hang Chan, Jean Woo, Hung Wong, Samuel Y. Wong, Eng Kiong Yeoh, Michael Marmot, and Roger Y. ChungComments to Author 
Author affiliations: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (G.K.K. Chung, S.-M. Chan, Y.-H. Chan, J. Woo, H. Wong, S.Y. Wong, E.K. Yeoh, M. Marmot, R.Y. Chung); City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (S.-M. Chan); University College London, London, UK (M. Marmot)

Main Article

Table 2

Associations of poverty rate and housing type with sizable coronavirus disease clustering, Hong Kong, 2020*

Category aOR (95% CI)†
Total samples‡ Case classification
 Specific activity categories‡
Unlinked‡ Linked‡ Living§ Working§ Dining§ Entertainment§
Area-level income poverty rate¶
4th quartile Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent
3rd quartile 0.89
(0.58–1.37)		 1.27
(0.73–2.19)		 0.81
(0.50–1.29)		 0.61
(0.14–2.71)		 0.83
(0.46–1.49)		 1.00
(0.55–1.81)		 1.13
(0.54–2.34)
2nd quartile 0.67
(0.42–1.06)		 0.85
(0.42–1.74)		 0.64
(0.39–1.07)		 0.18
(0.02–1.52)		 0.70
(0.37–1.34)		 0.82
(0.43–1.56)		 0.92
(0.42–2.06)
1st quartile
 0.35
(0.19–0.65)
 0.61
(0.19–1.97)
 0.34
(0.18–0.66)
NA#
 0.33
(0.13–0.87)
 0.85
(0.37–1.92)
 0.47
(0.16–1.35)
Individual-level housing type
Public rental 
housing Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent Referent
Subsidized home 
ownership 0.97
(0.72–1.31)		 1.26
(0.63–2.52)		 0.99
(0.69–1.40)		 1.22
(0.33–4.49)		 0.72
(0.44–1.17)		 1.06
(0.70–1.59)		 1.27
(0.53–3.06)
Private housing 0.99
(0.77–1.26)		 0.86
(0.49–1.51)		 1.05
(0.79–1.39)		 1.12
(0.46–2.72)		 0.66
(0.45–0.96)		 0.90
(0.62–1.32)		 3.20
(1.79–5.72)
Residential care 
homes 27.20
(14.16–52.26)		 4.69
(0.88–24.97)		 22.35
(10.00–49.96)		 720.16
(224.14–2,313.84)		 NA** NA# NA#
Other 0.82
(0.51–1.33)		 0.70
(0.22–2.27)		 0.84
(0.49–1.46)		 3.34
(0.87–12.81)		 1.03
(0.53–1.99)		 0.27
(0.09–0.82)		 1.90
(0.71–5.09)

*Clustering for these data refers to >10 epidemiologically linked case-patients who are not all part of the same household, grouped by case classification and activity categories of clusters. aOR, adjusted odds ratio; NA, not available; Ref, reference. †Variables in the regression model were age (continuous), sex, presence of symptoms, type of housing, area-level income poverty rate (by quartiles), and area-level population density (by quartiles). ‡With reference to confirmed cases who were not classified into any sizable infection clusters. §With reference to confirmed cases who were not classified into the corresponding activity category of sizable infection clusters. ¶The 1st quartile is the wealthiest group and 4th quartile the poorest group. #No living cluster cases in the 1st quartile of area-level income poverty rate. **No cases living in residential homes for respective types of clusters.

Main Article

Page created: September 01, 2021
Page updated: October 19, 2021
Page reviewed: October 19, 2021
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