TY - JOUR AU - Aung, Htin Lin AU - Nyunt, Wint Wint AU - Fong, Yang AU - Biggs, Patrick AU - Winkworth, Richard AU - Lockhart, Peter AU - Yeo, Tsin Wen AU - Hill, Philip AU - Cook, Gregory AU - Aung, Si Thu T1 - Genomic Profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, Myanmar T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2021 VL - 27 IS - 11 SP - 2847 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Multidrug resistance is a major threat to global elimination of tuberculosis (TB). We performed phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing for 309 isolates from 342 consecutive patients who were given a diagnosis of TB in Yangon, Myanmar, during July 2016‒June 2018. We identified isolates by using the GeneXpert platform to evaluate drug-resistance profiles. A total of 191 (62%) of 309 isolates had rifampin resistance; 168 (88%) of these rifampin-resistant isolates were not genomically related, indicating the repeated emergence of resistance in the population, rather than extensive local transmission. We did not detect resistance mutations to new oral drugs, including bedaquiline and pretomanid. The current GeneXpert MTB/RIF system needs to be modified by using the newly launched Xpert MTB/XDR cartridge or line-probe assay. Introducing new oral drugs to replace those currently used in treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant TB will also be useful for treating TB in Myanmar. KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - bacteria KW - strains KW - tuberculosis and other mycobacteria KW - tuberculosis KW - respiratory infections KW - genomic profiling KW - antimicrobial resistance KW - expanded drug resistance testing KW - new oral regimens KW - Myanmar DO - 10.3201/eid2711.210726 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/11/21-0726_article ER - End of Reference