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Volume 28, Number 1—January 2022
Synopsis

Multistate Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Infections, Including Vaccine Breakthrough Infections, Associated with Large Public Gatherings, United States

Radhika Gharpure1, Samira Sami1, Johanna Vostok, Hillary Johnson, Noemi Hall, Anne Foreman, Rebecca T. Sabo, Petra L. Schubert, Hanna Shephard, Vance R. Brown, Ben Brumfield, Jessica N. Ricaldi, Andrew B. Conley, Lindsay Zielinski, Lenka Malec, Alexandra P. Newman, Michelle Chang, Lauren E. Finn, Cameron Stainken, Anil T. Mangla, Patrick Eteme, Morgan Wieck, Alison Green, Alexandra Edmundson, Diana Reichbind, Vernell Brown, Laura Quiñones, Allison Longenberger, Elke Hess, Megan Gumke, Alicia Manion, Hannah Thomas, Carla A. Barrios, Adrianna Koczwara, Thelonious W. Williams, Marcia Pearlowitz, Moussokoura Assoumou, Alessandra F. Senisse Pajares, Hope Dishman, Cody Schardin, Xiong Wang, Kendalyn Stephens, Nakema S. Moss, Gurpalik Singh, Christine Feaster, Lindsey Martin Webb, Anna Krueger, Kristen Dickerson, Courtney Dewart, Bree Barbeau, Amelia Salmanson, Lawrence C. Madoff, Julie M. Villanueva, Catherine M. Brown2, and A. Scott Laney2Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (R. Gharpure, S. Sami, N. Hall, A. Foreman, R.T. Sabo, V.R. Brown, B. Brumfield, J.N. Ricaldi, C. Dewart, J.M. Villanueva, A.S. Laney); Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (J. Vostok, H. Johnson, P.L. Schubert, H. Shephard, L.C. Madoff, C.M. Brown); Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Applied Epidemiology Fellowship, Atlanta (H. Shephard, A. Edmundson); Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (A.B. Conley); New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA (L. Zielinski, L. Malec); New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA (A.P. Newman); Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA (M. Chang, L.E. Finn); California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (C. Stainken); DC Health, Washington, DC, USA (A.T. Mangla, P. Eteme); Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA (M. Wieck, A. Green); Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA (A. Edmundson, D. Reichbind); CDC Foundation, Atlanta (D. Reichbind, C.A. Barrios, T.W. Williams); Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (V. Brown Jr., L. Quiñones); Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA (A. Longenberger, E. Hess); Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida, USA (M. Gumke); New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, New Hampshire, USA (A. Manion, H. Thomas); Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA (C.A. Barrios, A. Koczwara); Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (T.W. Williams, M. Pearlowitz); Alexandria Health Department, Alexandria, Virginia, USA (M. Assoumou); Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, Virginia, USA (A.F. Senisse Pajares); Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta (H. Dishman); Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA (C. Schardin, X. Wang); North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA (K. Stephens); Alabama Department of Public Health, Montgomery, Alabama, USA (N.S. Moss); Indiana Department of Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (G. Singh, C. Feaster); Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA (L.M. Webb); Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Augusta, Maine, USA (A. Krueger); Ohio Department of Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA (K. Dickerson, C. Dewart); Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (B. Barbeau, A. Salmanson)

Main Article

Figure 3

Time from completion of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination to date of specimen collection, by vaccine product, among fully vaccinated persons (n = 918) who had primary and secondary cluster-associated cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection after large public gatherings in Provincetown, Massachusetts, USA, July 2021. Fully vaccinated persons were those who were >14 days after completion of all recommended doses of a US Food and Drug Administration‒authorized COVID-19 vaccine (2 doses of Pfizer/BioNTech [https://www.pfizer.com] or Moderna [https://www.modernatx.com], or 1 dose of Johnson & Johnson [https://www.jandj.com]), with documentation in their state immunization information system or self-report of vaccination details during case investigation. Minimum time from completion of vaccination to specimen collection for persons who had breakthrough infections was 14 days. Median time from completion of vaccination to SARS-CoV-2‒positive specimen collection was 105 (range 15–326) days. Median times from completion to infection, by vaccine product, were 104 (range 15–326) days for persons who received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, 104 (range 50–280) days for persons who received the Moderna vaccine, and 115 (range 23–225) days for persons who received the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine. Two persons were >270 days after vaccination at the time of specimen collection; 1 was vaccinated with Moderna 280 days before; and the other person with Pfizer-BioNTech 326 days before. Both persons were vaccinated through COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials.

Figure 3. Time from completion of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination to date of specimen collection, by vaccine product, among fully vaccinated persons (n = 918) who had primary and secondary cluster-associated cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection after large public gatherings in Provincetown, Massachusetts, USA, July 2021. Fully vaccinated persons were those who were >14 days after completion of all recommended doses of a US Food and Drug Administration‒authorized COVID-19 vaccine (2 doses of Pfizer/BioNTech [https://www.pfizer.com] or Moderna [https://www.modernatx.com], or 1 dose of Johnson & Johnson [https://www.jandj.com]), with documentation in their state immunization information system or self-report of vaccination details during case investigation. Minimum time from completion of vaccination to specimen collection for persons who had breakthrough infections was 14 days. Median time from completion of vaccination to SARS-CoV-2‒positive specimen collection was 105 (range 15–326) days. Median times from completion to infection, by vaccine product, were 104 (range 15–326) days for persons who received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, 104 (range 50–280) days for persons who received the Moderna vaccine, and 115 (range 23–225) days for persons who received the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine. Two persons were >270 days after vaccination at the time of specimen collection; 1 was vaccinated with Moderna 280 days before; and the other person with Pfizer-BioNTech 326 days before. Both persons were vaccinated through COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

2These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: November 05, 2021
Page updated: December 20, 2021
Page reviewed: December 20, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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