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Volume 28, Supplement—December 2022
SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Surveillance

Contribution of PEPFAR-Supported HIV and TB Molecular Diagnostic Networks to COVID-19 Testing Preparedness in 16 Countries

Erin Rottinghaus RomanoComments to Author , Katrina Sleeman, Patricia Hall-Eidson, Clement Zeh, Ravikiran Bhairavabhotla, Guoqing Zhang, Amitabh Adhikari, George Alemnji, Yolanda Rebello Cardo, Ana Pinheiro, Barbara Pocongo, Laura T. Eno, Judith D. Shang, Clement B. Ndongmo, Hilda Rosario, Orquidea Moreno, Lucia Aurora De La Cruz De León, Peter Fonjungo, Constantin Kabwe, Steve Ahuke-Mundeke, Dan Gama, Sindisiwe Dlamini, Gugu Maphalala, Tefsay Abreha, Anne Purfield, Yared Tedla Gebrehiwot, Daniel Melese Desalegn, Frank Basiye, Jane Mwangi, Nancy Bowen, Yohannes Mengistu, Shirley Lecher, Elizabeth Kampira, Muluken Kaba, Joseph Bitilinyu-Bangoh, Gillian Masamha, Sofia Omar Viegas, R. Suzanne Beard, Gerhard van Rooyen, Andreas N. Shiningavamwe, McPaul I.J, Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam, Nwando Mba, Catherine Okoi, Joel Katoro, Dennis L Kenyi, Bior K. Bior, Christina Mwangi, Susan Nabadda, Pontiano Kaleebu, Samuel L. Yingst, Prisca Chikwanda, Levi Veri, Raivi Simbi, and Heather Alexander
Author affiliations: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA (E. Rottinghaus Romano, K. Sleeman, P. Hall-Eidson, C. Zeh, R. Bhairavabhotla, G. Zhang, A. Adhikari, H. Alexander); Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC, USA (G. Alemnji); CDC Center for Global Health, Luanda, Angola (Y. Rebello Cardo); African Field Epidemiology Network, Luanda (A. Pinheiro); Instituto Nacional de Luta Contra SIDA, Luanda (B. Pocongo); CDC Center for Global Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon (L.T. Eno, J.D. Shang, C.B. Ndongmo); CDC Center for Global Health, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (H. Rosario); Laboratorio Nacional de Salud Pública Dr. Fernando A. Defilló, Santa Domingo (O. Moreno, L.A. De La Cruz De León); CDC Center for Global Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (P. Fonjungo, C. Kabwe); Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (S. Ahuke-Mundeke); CDC Center for Global Health, Mbabane, Eswatini (D. Gama); Ministry of Health Mbabane National Reference Laboratory, Mbabane (S. Dlamini, G. Maphalala); Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs, Mbabane (T. Abreha); CDC Center for Global Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (A. Purfield, Y.T Gebrehiwot); Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa (D.M. Desalegn); CDC Center for Global Health, Nairobi, Kenya (F. Basiye, J. Mwangi); National Public Health Reference Laboratories, Nairobi (N. Bowen); CDC Center for Global Health, Maseru, Lesotho (Y. Mengistu, S. Lecher); CDC Center for Global Health, Lilongwe, Malawi (E. Kampira, M. Kaba); Ministry of Health Technical Support Services, Lilongwe (J. Bitilinyu-Bangoh); CDC Center for Global Health, Maputo, Mozambique (G. Masamha); Ministério da Saúde Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo (S. Omar Viegas); CDC Center for Global Health, Windhoek, Namibia (R.S. Beard); Namibia Institute of Pathology Limited, Windhoek (G. van Rooyen, A.N. Shiningavamwe); CDC Center for Global Health, Abuja, Nigeria (M.I.J. Okoye, N.C. Iriemenam); Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja (N. Mba, C. Okoi); CDC Center for Global Health, Juba, South Sudan (J. Katoro, D.L. Kenyi); Ministry of Health Public Health Emergency Operations Center, Juba (B.K. Bior); CDC Center for Global Health, Kampala, Uganda (C. Mwangi); Ministry of Health National Health Laboratories and Diagnostic Services, Kampala, Uganda (S. Nabadda); Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda (P. Kaleebu); CDC Center for Global Health, Lusaka, Zambia (S.L. Yingst); CDC Center for Global Health, Harare, Zimbabwe (P. Chikwanda); Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare (L. Veri); Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare (R. Simbi)

Main Article

Table 4

PEPFAR-supported decentralized laboratories and instruments used for SARS-CoV-2 testing in 16 countries in their response to the COVID-19 pandemic, April 1, 2020–March 31, 2021*

Country No. PEPFAR sites No. (%) PEPFAR sites conducting SARS-CoV-2 testing No. TB tests conducted in PEPFAR sites† No. HIV VL and EID tests conducted in PEPFAR sites† No. SARS-CoV-2 tests conducted in PEPFAR sites No. SARS-CoV-2 tests conducted nationally % SARS-CoV-2 tests performed at PEPFAR sites‡
Angola 4 0 (0) NA NA No data NA NA
Cameroon 13 0 (0) NA NA No data NA NA
DR 11 7 (64) 18,519 3,133 1,240 1,176,196§ 0.1
DRC 18 2 (11) NA NA No data No data NA
Eswatini 32 1 (3) 18,243 1,196 873 No data NA
Ethiopia 280 0 (0) NA NA No data NA NA
Kenya 158 0 (0) NA NA No data NA NA
Lesotho 33 3 (9) 19,596 15,046 21,946 No data NA
Malawi 89 35 (39) 33,450 43,602 10,482 56,987¶ 18.4
Mozambique 161 6 (4) 159,685 0 10,332 472,224# 2.2
Namibia 45 4 (9) NA NA No data NA NA
Nigeria 400 27 (7) 56,183 0 39,902 702,055§ 5.7
South Sudan 17 17 (100) 4,024** 1,081** 2,931** 41,171¶ 7.1
Uganda 250 0 (0) NA NA No data NA NA
Zambia 300 3 (1) 150,000 6,000 27,000 1,218,207¶ 2.2
Zimbabwe
122
33 (27)
8,326
1,247
9,976
428,121#
2.3
Total 1,933 138 (7.1) 468,026 71,305 124,682 4,094,961 2.5

*DR, Dominican Republic; DRC, Democratic Republic of Congo; EID, early infant diagnosis; NA, not applicable; PEPFAR, US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; VL, viral load. †Number of HIV VL and EID and national SARS-CoV-2 tests are only shown for those countries reporting SARS-CoV-2 testing volumes in PEPFAR-supported laboratories. For countries not reporting SARS-CoV-2 testing volumes in PEPFAR-supported laboratories, HIV VL and EID and national SARS-CoV-2 test numbers are listed as NA. ‡Percentage of SARS-CoV-2 tests performed at PEPFAR-supported laboratories was only calculated for countries with data available for both PEPFAR and national SARS-CoV-2 testing numbers. For countries without both PEPFAR and national SARS-CoV-2 testing numbers available, % of SARS-CoV-2 tests performed at PEPFAR laboratories is listed as NA. §National SARS-CoV-2 test numbers represent the number of PCR tests. ¶Test type for national SARS-CoV-2 test numbers was uncited or listed as unclear. #National SARS-CoV-2 test numbers represent the number of PCR and antigen tests. **Testing numbers reported in South Sudan PEPFAR laboratories represent the period October 2020–March 2021.

Main Article

Page created: October 05, 2022
Page updated: December 11, 2022
Page reviewed: December 11, 2022
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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