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Volume 28, Number 3—March 2022
Research

Higher Viral Stability and Ethanol Resistance of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus on Human Skin

Risa Bandou, Ryohei HiroseComments to Author , Takaaki Nakaya, Hajime Miyazaki, Naoto Watanabe, Takuma Yoshida, Tomo Daidoji, Yoshito Itoh, and Hiroshi Ikegaya
Author affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

Main Article

Table 4

Results of ex vivo evaluations of disinfectant effectiveness of disinfectants against various subtypes of influenza viruses on the surface of human skin*

Disinfectant
log reduction, mean
H5N1-Ky
H5N1-Eg
H7N9
H5N3
H5N9
H3N2
H1N1-PR8
H1N1-Ok-pdm
80% EA >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00
60% EA >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00
40% EA >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00
36% EA 1.71 1.61 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00
34% EA 1.39 1.32 2.59 2.56 2.54 2.26 2.46 2.61
32% EA 1.17 1.14 2.20 2.18 2.18 2.31 2.21 2.18
20% EA 0.84 0.82 0.04 0.84 0.81 0.65 0.83 0.82
70% IPA >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00 >4.00
0.2% CHG 1.16 1.12 0.88 1.16 0.95 0.89 1.05 0.94
1.0% CHG 2.76 2.68 3.02 2.90 2.95 2.78 2.98 2.95
0.05% BAC 1.81 1.74 1.78 1.80 1.78 1.66 1.86 1.84
0.2% BAC 3.10 3.02 3.26 3.12 3.09 2.73 2.98 3.16

*Reaction time with disinfectant was 15 seconds. Detailed data are presented in Appendix Table 2. Log reduction value was calculated to evaluate disinfectant effectiveness under each condition and was expressed as mean. In addition, the log reduction value of the condition wherein the virus was inactivated below the measurement limit (101 FFUs) was 4 or more and was expressed as >4.00. BAC, benzalkonium chloride; CHG, chlorhexidine gluconate; EA, ethyl alcohol; H5N1-Ky, A/crow/Kyoto/53/04 (H5N1); H5N1-Eg, A/chicken/Egypt/CL6/07 (H5N1); H7N9, A/Anhui/1/23 (H7N9); H5N3, A/Duck/Hong Kong/820/80 (H5N3); H5N9, A/Turkey/Ontario/7732/66 (H5N9); H3N2, Clinical strain (H3N2); H1N1-PR8, A/Puerto Rico /8/1934 (H1N1); H1N1-Ok-pdm, A/Osaka/64/2009 (H1N1); IPA, isopropanol.

Main Article

Page created: January 23, 2022
Page updated: February 21, 2022
Page reviewed: February 21, 2022
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