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Volume 28, Number 5—May 2022
Research

Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis with Unusual Mechanism of Pertactin Disruption, Spain, 1986–2018

Alba Mir-Cros1, Albert Moreno-Mingorance1, M. Teresa Martín-Gómez, Raquel Abad, Iván Bloise, Magda Campins, Alejandro González-Praetorius, M. Nieves Gutiérrez, Héctor Martín-González, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, M. Ángeles Orellana, Manuela de Pablos, Josep Roca-Grande, Carlos Rodrigo, M. Elena Rodríguez, Sonia Uriona, M. José Vidal, Tomàs Pumarola, M. Nieves Larrosa, and Juan José González-LópezComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain (A. Mir-Cros, A. Moreno-Mingorance, M.T. Martín-Gómez, M. Campins, H. Martín-González, J. Roca-Grande, S. Uriona, T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (A. Mir-Cros, A. Moreno-Mingorance, T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R. Abad); Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid (I. Bloise, M. de Pablos); Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain (A. González-Praetorius, M.E. Rodríguez); Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.N. Gutiérrez); Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain (C. Muñoz-Almagro); Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona (C. Muñoz-Almagro); CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona (C. Muñoz-Almagro); Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid (M.Á. Orellana); Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (C. Rodrigo); Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona (M.J. Vidal); CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Barcelona (T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López)

Main Article

Table 1

Changes in the pertussis vaccination program in Spain, 1986–2018*

Year Primary doses
Booster doses
Vaccine type Schedule, mo Pertussis components Vaccine type Schedule Pertussis components
1975
WCV
3, 5, 7
Inactivated whole cell

NA
No booster
NA
1996
WCV
2–3, 4–5, 6–7
Inactivated whole cell

WCV
15–18 mo
Inactivated whole cell
1998/1999
WCV
2–3, 4–5, 6–7
Inactivated whole cell

ACV
18 mo
PT, FHA, PRN
2001
WCV
2, 4, 6
Inactivated whole cell

ACV
18 mo, 4–6 y
PT, FHA, PRN
2004†
NA
NA
NA

acv
Health workers caring for newborns
PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2005/2006
ACV
2, 4, 6
PT, FHA, PRN

ACV
18 mo, 4–6 y
PT, FHA, PRN
2012
ACV
2, 4, 6
PT, FHA, PRN

ACV/acv
18 mo (ACV), 4–6 y (acv)
PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2013
ACV
2, 4, 6
PT, FHA, PRN

ACV/acv
18 mo (ACV), 6 y (acv)
PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2014/2015§
NA
NA
NA

acv
From 27–28 through 32–36 wk of pregnancy
PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2017 ACV 2, 4, 11 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA¶ ACV/acv# 6 y PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡

*acv, diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine with reduced antigenic load of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis; ACV, diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine; FHA, filamentous haemagglutinin; FIM2, type 2 fimbriae; FIM3, type 3 fimbriae; NA, not applicable; PRN, pertactin; PT, pertussis toxin; WCV, diphtheria–tetanus–whole-cell pertussis vaccine. †Introduction of healthcare worker vaccination. ‡The 5-component ACV, which also contains FIM2 and FIM3, is used in some booster doses. §Introduction of maternal pertussis vaccination. ¶At the end of 2013, use of an ACV not including the PRN component in primary vaccination was approved in Spain. #ACV vaccine is administered to children vaccinated with the 2+1 schedule when they reach 6 y of age. Children vaccinated with the 3+1 schedule receive the acv vaccine.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: March 23, 2022
Page updated: April 19, 2022
Page reviewed: April 19, 2022
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