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Volume 28, Number 7—July 2022
Research

One Health Genomic Analysis of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase‒Producing Salmonella enterica, Canada, 2012‒2016

Amrita BharatComments to Author , Laura Mataseje, E. Jane Parmley, Brent P. Avery, Graham Cox, Carolee A. Carson, Rebecca J. Irwin, Anne E. Deckert, Danielle Daignault, David C. Alexander, Vanessa Allen, Sameh El Bailey, Sadjia Bekal, Greg J. German, David Haldane, Linda Hoang, Linda Chui, Jessica Minion, George Zahariadis, Richard J. Reid-Smith, and Michael R. Mulvey
Author affiliations: Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (A. Bharat, L. Mataseje, G. Cox, M.R. Mulvey); University of Manitoba, Winnipeg (A. Bharat, G. Cox, M.R. Mulvey); Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada (E.J. Parmley, B.P. Avery, C.A. Carson, R.J. Irwin, A.E. Deckert, R.J. Reid-Smith); University of Guelph, Guelph (E.J. Parmley); Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada (D. Daignault); Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg (D.C. Alexander); Public Health Ontario Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (V. Allen); Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (S. El Bailey); Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Quebec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada (S. Bekal); Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada (G.J. German); Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (D. Haldane); British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (L. Hoang); Public Health Laboratory, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (L. Chiu); University of Alberta, Edmonton (L. Chui); Roy Romanow Provincial Laboratory, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada (J. Minion); Newfoundland and Labrador Public Health and Microbiology Laboratory, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada (G. Zahariadis)

Main Article

Table 4

Phenotypic susceptibility and genetic resistance determinants for 13 antimicrobial drugs in Salmonella sp. Canada

Antimicrobial drug Human source, n = 54
 Animals/meat source, n = 41
No. resistant (%)* Genetic determinants† No. resistant (%)* Genetic determinants†
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
 0
 None
6 (14.6)
 blaCMY-2 (n = 6)
Ampicillin
 54 (100)
 blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-65, blaSHV-2, blaSHV-5 (n = 54)
41 (100)
 blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-55, blaSHV-2, blaSHV-12 (n = 41)
Azithromycin
 0
 None
1 (2.4)
 mphA (n = 1)
Chloramphenicol
 29 (53.7)
 floR, catA, catB, cmlA (n = 27)
7 (17.1)
 floR (n = 5)
Iprofloxacin
 31 (57.4)
 GyrA D87Y or D87G, qnrA1, qnrB1, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr (n = 31)
3 (7.3)
 qnrB2, qnrS1 (n = 3)
Ceftriaxone
 54 (100)
 blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-65, blaSHV-2, blaSHV-5 (n = 54)
41 (100)
 blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-55, blaSHV-2, blaSHV-12 (n = 41)
Cefoxitin
 1 (1.9)
 None
7 (17.1)
 blaCMY-2 (n = 6)
Gentamicin
 13 (24)
 aac(3)-IIa, aac-(3)-IId, aac(3)-IVa, aac(3)-Vla, and rmtB (n = 25)
24 (58.5)
 aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-Vla, aac(6')-Iy, and aac(6')-IIc (n = 23)
Nalidixic acid
 20 (37)
 GyrA D87Y or D87G, qnrS1 (n = 20)
0
Sulfisoxazole
 35 (64.8)
 sul1, sul2, sul3 (n = 35)
26 (63.4)
 sul1, sul2, sul3 (n = 26)
Streptomycin
 28 (51.9)
 aadA1, aadA2, ant(3”)-Ia, ant(3”)-Ib, aph(3”)-Ib, and strA (n = 31)
23 (56.1)
 aadA1, aadA2, ant(3”)-Ia, ant(3”)-Ib, and strA (n = 29)
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
 26 (48.1)
 dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA16, dfrA18, dfrA23 (n = 26)
12 (29.3)
 dfrA1, dfrA14, drfA18 (n = 12)
Tetracycline 43 (79.6) tetA and tetB (n = 40) 21 (51.2) tetA, tetB, and tetD (n = 21)

*Where available, resistance was interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints; for azithromycin, the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System NARMs breakpoint of 32 mg/L was used; for ciprofloxacin, both intermediate and full resistance were included. †n value in parentheses indicates number of isolates that contained >1 genetic determinant of resistance.

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