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Volume 28, Number 7—July 2022
Dispatch

Anncaliia algerae Microsporidiosis Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing, China

Chen Liu1, Qin Chen1, Ping Fu, and Yun-Ying ShiComments to Author 
Author affiliations: West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (C. Liu, Q. Chen, P. Fu, Y.-Y. Shi); Chengdu 363 Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Chengdu (Q. Chen)

Main Article

Table

Clinical characteristics of 12 previously reported cases of human Anncaliia algerae microsporidia infection*

Case reports
Age, y/sex
Immunocompromised/underlying conditions
Related symptoms
Positive biopsy sample sites
Treatment
Outcome
Watts et al. 2014 (1) 67/M Y/RA Myalgias Vastus lateralis Albendazole Survived

66/M
Y/RA
Myalgias
Vastus lateralis
NG
Died
Coyle et al. 2004 (2)
57/F
Y/RA
Myalgias
Quadriceps femoris
Albendazole
Died
Boileau et al. 2016 (3)
49/M
Y/CLL
Myalgias
Vastus lateralis
Albendazole and fumagillin
Survived
Sutrave et al. 2018 (4)
66/M
Y/GVHD
Myalgias
Vastus lateralis
Albendazole
Survived
Visvesvara et al. 1999 (5)
67/M
N/N
Eye discomfort
Cornea
Albendazole and fumagillin
Survived
Ziad et al. 2021 (6)
55/M
Y/psoriatic arthritis
Myalgias
Vastus lateralis, intercostal muscle, and tongue
Albendazole
Died
Visvesvara et al. 2005 (7)
11/M
Y/ALL
Skin lesions
Skin
NA
NA
Cali et al. 2010 (8)
69/M
Y/CLL
Hoarseness
False vocal cord
Albendazole
Died
Field et al. 2012 (9)
49/F
Y/lung transplant
Myalgias
Deltoid and tongue
NG
Died
Chacko et al. 2013 (10)
56/M
Y/kidney transplant
Myalgias
Deltoid
Albendazole
Died
Anderson et al. 2019 (11) 60/M Y/kidney and pancreas transplant Skin lesions Lower extremity, finger, tongue, urine, and
sputum
Albendazole Died

*ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; GVHD, graft-versus-host disease; NA, data not available; NG, treatment for A. algerae was not given because the patient was undiagnosed before death; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.

Main Article

References
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  2. Coyle  CM, Weiss  LM, Rhodes  LV III, Cali  A, Takvorian  PM, Brown  DF, et al. Fatal myositis due to the microsporidian Brachiola algerae, a mosquito pathogen. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:427. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Boileau  M, Ferreira  J, Ahmad  I, Lavallée  C, Qvarnstrom  Y, Dufresne  SF. Successful treatment of disseminated Anncaliia algerae microsporidial infection with combination fumagillin and albendazole. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016;3:ofw158. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
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  11. Anderson  NW, Muehlenbachs  A, Arif  S, Bruminhent  J, Deziel  PJ, Razonable  RR, et al. A fatal case of disseminated microsporidiosis due to Anncaliia algerae in a renal and pancreas allograft recipient. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019;6:ofz285. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
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1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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