Emergence of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Cosmopolitan Genotype, Brazil
Marta Giovanetti
1, Luiz Augusto Pereira, Gilberto A. Santiago, Vagner Fonseca, Maria Paquita García Mendoza, Carla de Oliveira, Laise de Moraes, Joilson Xavier, Stephane Tosta, Hegger Fristch, Emerson de Castro Barbosa, Evandra Strazza Rodrigues, Dana Figueroa-Romero, Carlos Padilla-Rojas, Omar Cáceres-Rey, Ana Flávia Mendonça, Fernanda de Bruycker Nogueira, Rivaldo Venancio da Cunha, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Carla Freitas, Cassio Roberto Leonel Peterka, Carlos Frederico Campelo de Albuquerque, Leticia Franco, Jairo Andrés Méndez Rico, Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán
1, Vinícius Lemes da Silva
1, and Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
1
Author affiliations: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (M. Giovanetti, C. de Oliveira, F. de Bruycker Nogueira, R.V. da Cunha, A.M.B. de Filippis, L.C.J. Alcantara); Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy (M. Giovanetti); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (M. Giovanetti, J. Xavier, S. Tosta, H. Fristch, L.C.J. Alcantara); Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr. Giovanni Cysneiros, Goiânia, Brazil (L.A. Pereira, A.F. Mendonça, V.L. da Silva); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA (G.A. Santiago, J.L. Muñoz-Jordán); Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Brazil (V. Fonseca, C.F.C. de Albuquerque); Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru (M.P. García Mendoza, D. Figueroa Romero, C. Padilla-Rojas, O. Cáceres-Rey); Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil (L. de Moraes); Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte (E. de Castro Barbosa); University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil (E.S. Rodrigues); Ministério da Saúde, Brasília (C. Freitas, C.R.L. Peterka); Pan American Health Organization–World Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA (L. Franco, J.A.M. Rico)
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Figure
Figure. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis for DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype, Brazil. A) Midpoint rooted tree shows the evolutionary relationships of the complete genome sequence from the DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype identified from a patient in Goiás state, Brazil (orange circle), and 1,089 publicly available sequences from GenBank. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. Colors represent different sampling locations. Blue highlighting shows area enlarged in panel B. B) Time-resolved maximum-likelihood tree showing the blue highlighted area from the larger tree in panel A. Colors indicate geographic location of sampling. Support for branching structure is shown by bootstrap values at key nodes. DENV-2, dengue virus serotype 2.
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