Volume 9, Number 1—January 2003
Perspective
Maintaining Fluoroquinolone Class Efficacy: Review of Influencing Factors
Table 5
Risk factors for infection or colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniaea
Factor | Case patients (n=27) | Control patients (n=54) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr)b |
72.5
(62.3–78.3) |
75 (70–85) |
– |
0.01 |
|
Nursing home residence |
14 (52%) |
7 (13%) |
7.2 (2.4 to 21.6) |
< /> |
|
COPD |
17 (63%)c |
12 (22%) |
5.9 (2.2 to 16.3) |
0.001 |
|
Nosocomial
origin |
18 (66%) |
14 (26%) |
5.7 (2.1 to 15.6) |
0.001 |
|
Interval from day of admission to isolation of LRSP (days)b |
7 (1–20) |
1 (1–3) |
- |
< /> |
|
No. of prior
admissionsb |
4 (2–7) |
1 (0–3) |
- |
< /> |
|
Recent hospitalization |
16 (59%) |
13 (24%) |
4.6 (1.7 to 12.3) |
0.003 |
|
Multiple hospitalization |
15 (56%) |
12 (22%) |
4.4 (1.6 to 11.8) |
0.004 |
|
Previous exposure to antimicrobial agentsd |
|||||
Fluoroquinolones |
8 (30%)/14 (52%) |
0 (0%)/5 (9%) |
―/10.6 (3.2 to 34.7) |
<0.001>0.001>< /> |
|
β-lactam antibiotics | 24 (89%)/25 (93%) | 20 (37%)/32 (59%): | 14.7 (3.9 to 55.4)/8.6 (1.8 to 40) | <0.001>0.001> |
aCI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LRSP, levofloxacin-resistant S. pneumoniae (73).
bMedian (interquartile range).
cColonization in 3 patients.
dExposure to antimicrobial therapy during the 6 weeks prior to hospitalization/12 months before hospitalization.