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Volume 13, Number 5—May 2007
Dispatch

Tuberculosis Drug Resistance and HIV Infection, the Netherlands

Catharina Hendrika Haar*†, Frank G.J. Cobelens*‡Comments to Author , Nico A. Kalisvaart*, Jan J. van der Have†, Paul J.H.J. van Gerven*, and Dick van Soolingen§
Author affiliations: *KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands; †Municipal Health Service, Groningen, the Netherlands; ‡Academic Medial Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; §National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands;

Main Article

Table 1

Association between HIV infection and primary drug resistance among new tuberculosis patients, the Netherlands, 1993–2001*

No. HIV negative (%)
(n = 6,467) No. HIV positive (%)
(n = 308) OR (95% CI)
(unadjusted) p value†
Fully susceptible
5,695 (88.1)
263 (85.4)
1.00

Resistant to 1 drug
544 (8.4)
29 (9.4)
1.15 (0.76–1.74)
0.542
Resistant to 2 drugs
193 (3.0)
11 (3.6)
1.23 (0.63–2.36)
0.622
Resistant to 3 drugs
24 (0.4)
5 (1.6)
4.51 (1.50–12.57)
0.001
Resistant to 4 drugs
11 (0.2)
0


Any resistance
772 (11.9)
45 (17.1)
1.26 (0.90–1.77)
0.188
Any resistance to:




  Isoniazid
420 (6.5)
29 (9.4)
1.50 (0.99–2.26)
0.059
  Rifampin
46 (0.7)
5 (1.6)
2.35 (0.82–6.24)
0.075
  Streptomycin
538 (8.3)
31 (10.1)
1.25 (0.83–1.86)
0.303
  Ethambutol
42 (0.6)
1 (0.3)
0.52 (0.03–3.49)
1.000
Multidrug resistance‡ 39 (0.6) 5 (1.6) 2.78 (1.09–7.10) 0.033

*New patients are defined as those not previously treated for tuberculosis. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
†p value determined by Fisher exact test or χ2 test (Yates corrected), as appropriate.
‡Resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin.

Main Article

Page created: June 23, 2010
Page updated: June 23, 2010
Page reviewed: June 23, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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