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Volume 14, Number 1—January 2008
Research

Short- and Long-term Effects of Bacterial Gastrointestinal Infections

Anders Ternhag*Comments to Author , Anna Törner†, Åke Svensson†‡, Karl Ekdahl*§, and Johan Giesecke*§
Author affiliations: *Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; †Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden; ‡Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; §European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden;

Main Article

Table 4

Complications associated with gastroenteritis, 1 year postinfection, among 101,855 patients with bacterial gastrointestinal infection, Sweden, 1997−2004*

Disease Infecting organism Obs Exp SIR 95% CI
Digestive system
Crohn’s disease Campylobacter spp. 27 17.1 1.6 1.0–2.3
Salmonella spp. 14 10.3 1.4 0.8–2.3
Shigella spp. 1 1.1 0.9 0.02–5.2
Yersinia spp. 2 1.1 1.8 0.2–6.4
Ulcerative colitis Campylobacter spp. 42 14.8 2.8 2.0–3.8
EHEC 1 0.1 6.8 0.2–37.7
Salmonella spp. 29 9 3.2 2.2–4.6
Yersinia spp. 3 1 2.9 0.6–8.5
Other specified/unspecified noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis Campylobacter spp. 37 14.9 2.5 1.8–3.4
Salmonella spp. 30 9.2 3.3 2.2–4.6
Yersinia spp. 10 1.3 7.6 3.7–14.0
Irritable bowel syndrome Campylobacter spp. 15 5 3.0 1.7–5.0
Salmonella spp. 5 3 1.7 0.5–3.9
Yersinia spp. 3 0.4 7.8 1.6–22.9
Intestinal malabsorption Salmonella spp. 1 0.6 1.7 0.04–9.3

Yersinia spp.
1
0.1
7.9
0.2–43.7
Musculoskeletal system
Postdysenteric arthropathy, Reiter disease, other reactive arthropathies Campylobacter spp. 15 2.4 6.3 3.5–10.4
Salmonella spp. 27 1.5 18.2 12.0–26.5
Shigella spp. 2 0.1 13.4 1.6–48.4
Yersinia spp. 9 0.2 47.0 21.5–89.2
Rheumatoid arthritis Campylobacter spp. 22 22.5 1.0 0.6–1.5
EHEC 1 0.2 5.8 0.2–32.1
Salmonella spp. 9 14.7 0.6 0.3–1.2
Shigella spp. 1 1.2 0.8 0.02–4.7
Yersinia spp. 3 1.5 2.0 0.4–5.7
Other arthritis Campylobacter spp. 8 3.8 2.1 0.9–4.2
Salmonella spp. 4 2.5 1.6 0.4–4.1
Shigella spp. 1 0.2 4.3 0.1–24.1
Yersinia spp. 1 0.4 2.4 0.06–13.4
Other necrotizing vasculopathies (Goodpasture syndrome, TTP, Wegener granulomatosis, giant cell arteritis) Campylobacter spp. 10 3.3 3.1 1.5–5.6
EHEC 0 <0.05 32.8 0.8–183.0
Salmonella spp. 1 2.1 0.5 0.01–2.7
Systemic lupus erythematosus Campylobacter spp. 5 3.4 1.5 0.5–3.4
Salmonella spp. 2 2.1 1.0 0.1–3.5
Systemic sclerosis Campylobacter spp. 2 1.7 1.2 0.2–4.4
Salmonella spp. 3 1.1 2.8 0.6–8.1
Other systemic involvement of connective tissue (Sjögren syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, polymyalgia rheumatica) Campylobacter spp. 12 5 2.4 1.2–4.2
Salmonella spp. 4 3.1 1.3 0.4–3.3
Shigella spp. 1 0.2 4.2 0.1–23.3
Ankylosing spondylitis Campylobacter spp. 2 1.1 1.8 0.2–6.4
Salmonella spp. 1 0.7 1.5 0.04–8.1

*Obs, observed number of cases; Exp, expected number of cases; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; CI, confidence interval; EHEC, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.; TTP, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Main Article

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