Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 15, Number 2—February 2009
Research

Characteristics of 263K Scrapie Agent in Multiple Hamster Species

Kimberly D. Meade-WhiteComments to Author , Kent D. Barbian, Brent Race, Cynthia Favara, Don Gardner, Lara Taubner, Stephen Porcella, and Richard Race
Author affiliations: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana, USA

Main Article

Figure 1

Taxonomic classification for 6 hamster species. Phylogenetically, these species are grouped into closely related taxonomic genera (9).

Figure 1. Taxonomic classification for 6 hamster species. Phylogenetically, these species are grouped into closely related taxonomic genera (9).

Main Article

References
  1. Race  R, Meade-White  K, Raines  A, Raymond  GJ, Caughey  B, Chesebro  BJ. Subclinical scrapie infection in a resistant species: persistence, replication, and adaptation of infectivity during four passages. J Infect Dis. 2002;186(Suppl 2):S166–70. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Goldmann  W, Hunter  N, Benson  G, Foster  JD, Hope  JJ. Different scrapie-associated fibril proteins (PrP) are encoded by lines of sheep selected for different alleles of the Sip gene. J Gen Virol. 1991;72:2411–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Westaway  D, Zuliani  V, Cooper  CM, Da  CM, Neuman  S, Jenny  AL, Homozygosity for prion protein alleles encoding glutamine-171 renders sheep susceptible to natural scrapie. Genes Dev. 1994;8:959–69. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Bossers  A, Schreuder  BE, Muileman  IH, Belt  PB, Smits  MA. PrP genotype contributes to determining survival times of sheep with natural scrapie. J Gen Virol. 1996;77:2669–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Jewell  JE, Conner  MM, Wolfe  LL, Miller  MW, Williams  ES. Low frequency of PrP genotype 225SF among free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) with chronic wasting disease. J Gen Virol. 2005;86:2127–34. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Meade-White  K, Race  B, Trifilo  M, Bossers  A, Favara  C, Lacasse  R, Resistance to chronic wasting disease in transgenic mice expressing a naturally occurring allelic variant of deer prion protein. J Virol. 2007;81:4533–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Westaway  D, Goodman  PA, Mirenda  CA, McKinley  MP, Carlson  GA, Prusiner  SB. Distinct prion proteins in short and long scrapie incubation period mice. Cell. 1987;51:651–62. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Barron  RM, Thomson  V, King  D, Shaw  J, Melton  DW, Manson  JCJ. Transmission of murine scrapie to P101L transgenic mice. J Gen Virol. 2003;84:3165–72. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Conroy  CJ, Cook  J. MtDNA evidence for repeated pulses of speciation within arvicoline and murid rodents. J Mamm Evol. 1999;6:221–45. DOIGoogle Scholar
  10. Kimberlin  RH, Walker  CA. Evidence that the transmission of one source of scrapie agent to hamsters involves separation of agent strains from a mixture. J Gen Virol. 1978;39:487–96. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Dougherty  RM. Animal virus titration techniques. In: Techniques in experimental virology. New York: Academic Press, Inc.; 1964.
  12. Chesebro  B, Trifilo  M, Race  R, Meade-White  K, Teng  C, LaCasse  R, Anchorless prion protein results in infectious amyloid disease without clinical scrapie. Science. 2005;308:1435–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Oldstone  MB, Race  R, Thomas  D, Lewicki  H, Homann  D, Smelt  S, Lymphotoxin-alpha- and lymphotoxin-beta-deficient mice differ in susceptibility to scrapie: evidence against dendritic cell involvement in neuroinvasion. J Virol. 2002;76:4357–63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Race  R, Jenny  A, Sutton  DJ. Scrapie infectivity and proteinase K-resistant prion protein in sheep placenta, brain, spleen, and lymph node: implications for transmission and antemortem diagnosis. J Infect Dis. 1998;178:949–53. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Caughey  B, Raymond  GJ, Ernst  D, Race  RE. N-terminal truncation of the scrapie-associated form of PrP by lysosomal protease(s): implications regarding the site of conversion of PrP to the protease-resistant state. J Virol. 1991;65:6597–603.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Race  BL, Meade-White  KD, Ward  A, Jewell  J, Miller  MW, Williams  ES, Levels of abnormal prion protein in deer and elk with chronic wasting disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:824–30.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Bruce  ME. TSE strain variation. Br Med Bull. 2003;66:99–108. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Bruce  ME. Scrapie strain variation and mutation. Br Med Bull. 1993;49:822–38.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Scott  M, Groth  D, Foster  D, Torchia  M, Yang  SL, DeArmond  SJ, Propagation of prions with artificial properties in transgenic mice expressing chimeric PrP genes. Cell. 1993;73:979–88. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Collinge  J, Sidle  KC, Meads  J, Ironside  J, Hill  AF. Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of “new variant” CJD. Nature. 1996;383:685–90. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Hill  AF, Desbruslais  M, Joiner  S, Sidle  KC, Gowland  I, Collinge  J, The same prion strain causes vCJD and BSE. Nature. 1997;389:448–50, 526.
  22. Parchi  P, Capellari  S, Chen  SG, Petersen  RB, Gambetti  P, Kopp  N, Typing prion isoforms. Nature. 1997;386:232–4. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Bessen  RA, Marsh  RF. Biochemical and physical properties of the prion protein from two strains of the transmissible mink encephalopathy agent. J Virol. 1992;66:2096–101.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. Bessen  RA, Marsh  RF. Distinct PrP properties suggest the molecular basis of strain variation in transmissible mink encephalopathy. J Virol. 1994;68:7859–68.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. Bessen  RA, Kocisko  DA, Raymond  GJ, Nandan  S, Lansbury  PT, Caughey  B. Non-genetic propagation of strain-specific properties of scrapie prion protein. Nature. 1995;375:698–700. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. Fraser  H, Dickinson  AG. The sequential development of the brain lesions of scrapie in three strains of mice. J Comp Pathol. 1968;78:301–11. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. Kimberlin  RH, Cole  S, Walker  CAJ. Temporary and permanent modifications to a single strain of mouse scrapie on transmission to rats and hamsters. J Gen Virol. 1987;68:1875–81. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. Kimberlin  RH, Walker  CA, Fraser  HJ. The genomic identity of different strains of mouse scrapie is expressed in hamsters and preserved on reisolation in mice. J Gen Virol. 1989;70:2017–25. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Basler  K, Oesch  B, Scott  M, Westaway  D, Walchli  M, Groth  DF, Scrapie and cellular PrP isoforms are encoded by the same chromosomal gene. Cell. 1986;46:417–28. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. Lowenstein  DH, Butler  DA, Westaway  D, McKinley  MP, DeArmond  SJ, Prusiner  SB. Three hamster species with different scrapie incubation times and neuropathological features encode distinct prion proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1990;10:1153–63.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. Oesch  B, Westaway  D, Walchli  M, McKinley  MP, Kent  SB, Aebersold  R, A cellular gene encodes scrapie PrP 27-30 protein. Cell. 1985;40:735–46. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. Schatzl  HM, Da  CM, Taylor  L, Cohen  FE, Prusiner  SBJ. Prion protein gene variation among primates. J Mol Biol. 1995;245:362–74. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  33. Collinge  J, Harding  AE, Owen  F, Poulter  M, Lofthouse  R, Boughey  AM, Diagnosis of Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome in familial dementia with prion protein gene analysis. Lancet. 1989;2:15–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. Goldfarb  LG, Brown  P, McCombie  WR, Goldgaber  D, Swergold  GD, Wills  PR, Transmissible familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with five, seven, and eight extra octapeptide coding repeats in the PRNP gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991;88:10926–30. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  35. Barron  RM, Manson  JC. A gene-targeted mouse model of P102L Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome. Clin Lab Med. 2003;23:161–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  36. Supattapone  S, Muramoto  T, Legname  G, Mehlhorn  I, Cohen  FE, DeArmond  SJ, Identification of two prion protein regions that modify scrapie incubation time. J Virol. 2001;75:1408–13. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  37. James  TL, Liu  H, Ulyanov  NB, Farr-Jones  S, Zhang  H, Donne  DG, Solution structure of a 142-residue recombinant prion protein corresponding to the infectious fragment of the scrapie isoform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:10086–91. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. Liu  H, Farr-Jones  S, Ulyanov  NB, Llinas  M, Marqusee  S, Groth  D, Solution structure of Syrian hamster prion protein rPrP(90-231). Biochemistry. 1999;38:5362–77. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: December 08, 2010
Page updated: December 08, 2010
Page reviewed: December 08, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external