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Volume 11, Number 5—May 2005
Letter

Barriers to Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Autopsies, California

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To the Editor: The recent article by Louie et al. underscores a more general disparity between the need for autopsies in potential infectious disease deaths and our present national capacity (1). In addition to confirming Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and allowing the differentiation of classic and variant CJD, autopsies identify previously undetected infections, discover causative organisms in unexplained infectious disease deaths, and provide insights into the pathogenesis of new or unusual infections (2,3). This information is essential for public health and medical interventions.

As outlined by Louie et al., hospital autopsy rates have dropped to single digits, and concerns by pathologists about occupational risks and biosafety have likely contributed to this decline. Currently, the last stronghold of autopsy expertise is forensic pathology (4). However, the medicolegal death investigative system does not have jurisdiction over all potential infectious disease deaths nor is it adequately supported to assume the cases that are missed by our present hospital autopsy system. Additionally, many medicolegal and hospital autopsy facilities with outdated or poorly-designed air flow systems are ill suited to handle autopsies when infectious disease is suspected (5). Air-handling systems can be expensive to fix.

Reference centers such as the National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center, while providing diagnostic expertise, fail to surmount the biosafety obstacles (real and perceived) that prevent pathologists from enthusiastically performing autopsies on those who died of potential infectious diseases, including prion diseases. One potential solution is the creation of regional centers of excellence for infectious disease autopsies that could operate in conjunction with a mobile containment autopsy facility (5,6). Such centers could provide diagnostic expertise as well as biosafety capacity.

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Kurt B. Nolte*Comments to Author 
Author affiliation: *University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

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References

  1. Louie  JK, Gavali  SS, Belay  ED, Trevejo  R, Hammond  LH, Schonberger  LB, Barriers to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease autopsies, California. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:167780.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Nolte  KB, Simpson  GL, Parrish  RG. Emerging infectious agents and the forensic pathologist: the New Mexico model. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996;120:1258.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Schwartz  DA, Bryan  RT, Hughes  JM. Pathology and emerging infections—quo vadimus? Am J Pathol. 1995;147:152533.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Hirsch  CS. Forensic pathology and the autopsy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1984;108:4849.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Nolte  KB, Taylor  DG, Richmond  JY. Biosafety considerations for autopsy. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2002;23:10722. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Medical examiners, coroners, and biologic terrorism: a guidebook for surveillance and case management. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2004;53(No. RR-8):127.PubMedGoogle Scholar

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Cite This Article

DOI: 10.3201/eid1105.041133

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Table of Contents – Volume 11, Number 5—May 2005

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Comments

Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address:

Kurt B. Nolte, Office of the Medical Investigator, MSC11 6030, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA; fax: 505-272-0727

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Page created: April 24, 2012
Page updated: April 24, 2012
Page reviewed: April 24, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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