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Volume 27, Number 12—December 2021
Research

Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Households with Children, Southwest Germany, May–August 2020

Maximilian Stich1, Roland Elling1, Hanna Renk1, Aleš Janda1, Sven F. Garbade, Barbara Müller, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Dorit Fabricius, Maria Zernickel, Peter Meissner, Daniela Huzly, Jürgen Grulich-Henn, Anneke Haddad, Tessa Görne, Benedikt Spielberger, Linus Fritsch, Alexandra Nieters, Hartmut Hengel, Andrea N. Dietz, Thomas Stamminger, Tina Ganzenmueller, Natalia Ruetalo, Andreas Peter, Jonathan Remppis, Thomas Iftner, Kathrin Jeltsch, Tim Waterboer, Axel R. Franz, Georg Friedrich Hoffmann, Corinna Engel2, Klaus-Michael Debatin2, Burkhard Tönshoff2Comments to Author , and Philipp Henneke2
Author affiliations: Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (M. Stich, S.F. Garbade, B. Müller, H.-G. Kräusslich, J. Grulich-Henn, K. Jeltsch, G.F. Hoffmann, B. Tönshoff); University Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (R. Elling, D. Huzly, A. Haddad, T. Görne, B. Spielberger, L. Fritsch, A. Nieters, H. Hengel, P. Henneke); University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (H. Renk, T. Ganzenmueller, N. Ruetalo, A. Peter, J. Remppis, T. Iftner, A.R. Franz, C. Engel); Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (A. Janda, D. Fabricius, M. Zernickel, P. Meissner, A.N. Dietz, T. Stamminger, K.-M. Debatin); German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (T. Waterboer)

Main Article

Table 2

Secondary attack rates in household members exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from 405 households, southwest Germany, May–August 2020*

Characteristic No. index cases No. exposed No. seropositive exposed Observed SAR, % Predicted SAR, % (IQR)† Odds ratio 
(95% CI) p value
No. participants
405
1,220
400
32.8
31.6 (8.31–52.2)
NA
NA
Age of index case-patients, y
>60 6 21 15 71.4 72.9 (54.9–88.9) 9.02 (1.19–72.8) 0.039
18.0–59.9 374 1122 366 32.6 31.3 (8.41–51.1) Referent
12.0–17.9 16 47 15 31.9 30.8 (3.11–55.9) 1.32 (0.31–5.57) 0.704
0.0–11.9
9
30
4
13.3
12.0 (0.59–11.4)
0.34 (0.04–3.19)
0.343
Age of exposed household members, y
>18 NA 542 206 38.0 37.5 (13.2–59.4) Referent
12.0–17.9 NA 244 68 27.9 25.8 (6.24–40.2) 0.39 (0.25–0.63) <0.001
6.0–11.9 NA 257 79 30.7 29.2 (8.02–47.9) 0.55 (0.35–0.89) 0.015
0.0–5.9
NA
177
47
26.6
24.6 (5.09–43.8)
0.33 (0.18–0.58)
<0.001
Sex of index case-patients
M 207 629 213 33.9 32.6 (8.52–53.6) Referent
F
198
591
187
31.6
30.4 (8.12–50.8)
1.07 (0.62–1.87)
0.803
Sex of exposed household members
M NA 600 195 32.5 31.1 (7.62–51.9) Referent
F
NA
620
205
33.1
31.9 (8.54–53.5)
1.08 (0.75–1.56)
0.676
Household size
2–3 92 175 69 39.4 38.1 (12.5–67.1) Referent
4 206 598 185 30.9 29.4 (8.26–44.0) 0.50 (0.24–1.01) 0.055
5 75 285 98 34.4 33.5 (8.57–53.7) 0.77 (0.33–1.78) 0.543
>6
32
162
48
29.6
28.8 (4.64–55.6)
0.40 (0.14–1.18)
0.095
SARS-CoV-2–seropositive index case-patient
No 42 130 7 5.38 3.59 (0.71–2.17) Referent
Yes 363 1090 393 36.1 34.9 (12.0–56.4) 27.8 (8.26–93.5) <0.001

*IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; SAR, secondary attack rate. †The predicted SARs, odds ratios, and p values were calculated from a multivariable generalized linear mixed-effects logistic regression model. The respective references were “adult index 18.0-59.9 years,” “adult exposed,” “male index,” “male exposed,” “household size 2–3,” and “seronegative index.”

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

2These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: September 16, 2021
Page updated: November 19, 2021
Page reviewed: November 19, 2021
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