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Volume 28, Number 10—October 2022
CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Foodborne Tick-Borne Encephalitis, Europe, 1980–2021

Meital ElbazComments to Author , Avi Gadoth, Daniel Shepshelovich, David Shasha, Nir Rudoler, and Yael Paran
Author affiliations: Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (M. Elbaz, A. Godath, D. Shepshelovich, D. Sasha, Y. Paran); Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv (A. Godath, D. Shepshelovich, D. Sasha, Y. Paran); Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel (N. Rudoler); Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv (N. Rudoler)

Main Article

Table 2

Neuroinvasive disease reported in cases of foodborne tick-borne encephalitis, Europe, 1980–2021*

Country (reference) No. confirmed cases No. CNS invasive disease CNS invasive disease type Blood serology CSF serology
Austria (9)
 6
 4
 4 ME cases
Positive IgG and IgM
 Borderline IgM, positive IgG; borderline IgM, borderline IgG; positive IgM, positive IgG; positive IgM, borderline IgG
Croatia (23)
 7
 6 proven, 7 symptomatic
 5 meningitis cases, 1 ME case; 1 case with fever and headache but LP not performed
 Positive IgG and IgM
 6 patients had CSF pleocytosis but negative IgG and IgM
Czech Republic (16)
 1
 1
 ME, myelitis
 Positive IgM
 CSF pleocytosis
Estonia (20)
 1
 1
 ME
 Positive IgM and IgG
 positive serology
Germany (22)
 2
 2
 ME in both cases
 Positive IgG and IgM
 Positive IgG and IgM
Hungary (10)
 25
 2 confirmed; 25 with neurologic symptoms but LP only performed on 3
Positive IgG and IgM
 Positive IgG in 2 of 3 CSF samples
Hungary (19)
 7
 4
 4 confirmed ME cases
 In all 7 confirmed cases, positive IgM in blood or CSF
Poland (18)
 35
 15
Positive IgM and IgG
 Positive serology for 15 patients with neuroinfection
Poland (29)
 4
 4
 4 meningitis cases
2 had elevated IgG and IgM. 1 had only elevated IgM. The fourth wasn't examined
 All 4 had elevated IgG and IgM
Slovakia (15) 2 1 Positive IgM Positive IgM
43
 12
Positive IgM and IgG
 12 patients with IgM and IgG in CSF
Slovenia (26) 3 1 2 cases with symptoms of ME but LP only performed on 1 Positive IgG and IgM CSF pleocytosis

*CNS, central nervous system; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LP, lumbar puncture; ME, meningoencephalitis.

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