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Volume 30, Number 1—January 2024
Dispatch

Emergence of Novel Norovirus GII.4 Variant

Preeti Chhabra1Comments to Author , Damien C. Tully1, Janet Mans, Sandra Niendorf, Leslie Barclay, Jennifer L. Cannon, Anna M. Montmayeur, Chao-Yang Pan, Nicola Page, Rachel Williams, Helena Tutill, Sunando Roy, Cristina Celma, Stuart Beard, Michael L. Mallory, Gédéon Prince Manouana, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Ayola Akim Adegnika, Peter G. Kremsner, Lisa C. Lindesmith, Stéphane Hué, Ralph S. Baric, Judith Breuer, and Jan Vinjé
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (P. Chhabra, L. Barclay, J.L. Cannon, A.M. Montmayeur, J. Vinjé); London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (D.C. Tully, S. Hué); University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa (J. Mans, N. Page); Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany (S. Niendorf); California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (C.-Y. Pan); National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Sandringham, South Africa (N. Page); UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London (R. Williams, H. Tutill, S. Roy, J. Breuer); UK Health Security Agency, London (C. Celma, S. Beard); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (M.L. Mallory, L.C. Lindesmith, R.S. Baric); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (G.P. Manouana, T.P. Velavan, A.A. Adegnika); Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambarene, Gabon (G.P. Manouana, A.A. Adegnika, P.G. Kremsner); Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research, Hanoi, Vietnam (T.P. Velavan); Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam (T.P. Velavan); German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen (A.A. Adegnika)

Main Article

Figure 2

Structural changes of emergent novel norovirus GII.4 strains from 3 continents. A) Sydney GII.4 strain (GenBank accession no. JX459908); B) GII.4 San Francisco strain. The 3-dimensional structure models were predicted by using ChimeraX version 1.4 (11) and the alphafold prediction tool (12). Models show structural changes near and within the epitope A antigenic region on GII.4 San Francisco P-domain (panel B) are overlayed on a GII.4 Sydney 2012 backbone (Protein Data Bank, https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4OP7). Negatively (red) and positively (green) charged amino acids of GII.4 Sydney (panel A) were replaced with neutral amino acids (blue) in the GII.4 San Francisco strain and a hydrophobic (yellow) amino acid, alanine, was inserted between T293 and T294.

Figure 2. Structural changes of emergent novel norovirus GII.4 strains from 3 continents. A) Sydney GII.4 strain (GenBank accession no. JX459908); B) GII.4 San Francisco strain. The 3-dimensional structure models were predicted by using ChimeraX version 1.4 (11) and the alphafold prediction tool (12). Models show structural changes near and within the epitope A antigenic region on GII.4 San Francisco P-domain (panel B) are overlayed on a GII.4 Sydney 2012 backbone (Protein Data Bank, https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4OP7). Negatively (red) and positively (green) charged amino acids of GII.4 Sydney (panel A) were replaced with neutral amino acids (blue) in the GII.4 San Francisco strain and a hydrophobic (yellow) amino acid, alanine, was inserted between T293 and T294.

Main Article

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Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

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