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Issue Cover for Volume 1, Number 3—July 1995

Volume 1, Number 3—July 1995

[PDF - 647 KB - 41 pages]

Synopses

Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome: Spectrum of Disease, Pathogenesis, and New Concepts in Treatment [PDF - 77 KB - 10 pages]
D. L. Stevens

Since the 1980s there has been a marked increase in the recognition and reporting of highly invasive group A streptococcal infections with or without necrotizing fasciitis associated with shock and organ failure. Such dramatic cases have been defined as streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome. Strains of group A streptococci isolated from patients with invasive disease have been predominantly M types 1 and 3 that produce pyrogenic exotoxin A or B or both. In this paper, the clinical and demographic features of streptococcal bacteremia, myositis, and necrotizing fasciitis are presented and compared to those of streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of invasive streptococcal infection are also presented, with emphasis on the interaction between group A Streptococcus virulence factors and host defense mechanisms. Finally, new concepts in the treatment of streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome are discussed.

EID Stevens DL. Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome: Spectrum of Disease, Pathogenesis, and New Concepts in Treatment. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):69-78. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950301
AMA Stevens DL. Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome: Spectrum of Disease, Pathogenesis, and New Concepts in Treatment. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):69-78. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950301.
APA Stevens, D. L. (1995). Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome: Spectrum of Disease, Pathogenesis, and New Concepts in Treatment. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 69-78. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950301.

Spiral Bacteria in the Human Stomach: The Gastric Helicobacters [PDF - 54 KB - 7 pages]
A. Dubois

During the past decade, Helicobacter pylori has become recognized as one of the most common human pathogens, colonizing the gastric mucosa of almost all persons exposed to poor hygienic conditions from childhood. It also is often found, albeit with a lower frequency, in groups of high socioeconomic status. H. pylori causes chronic active gastritis and is a major factor in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcers and, to a lesser extent, gastric ulcers. In addition, the presence of this bacterium is now recognized as a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. Nevertheless, most infections appear without clinical consequences. In this second decade of intensive research, it is important to understand why H. pylori is sometimes a dangerous pathogen, and to determine how it can be eradicated in those at highest risk for severe disease.

EID Dubois A. Spiral Bacteria in the Human Stomach: The Gastric Helicobacters. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):79-85. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950302
AMA Dubois A. Spiral Bacteria in the Human Stomach: The Gastric Helicobacters. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):79-85. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950302.
APA Dubois, A. (1995). Spiral Bacteria in the Human Stomach: The Gastric Helicobacters. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950302.
Dispatches

HIV-1 Patients May Harbor Viruses of Different Phylogenetic Subtypes: Implications for the Evolution of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic [PDF - 35 KB - 3 pages]
D. Pieniazek et al.
EID Pieniazek D, Janini LM, Ramos A, Tanuri A, Schechter M, Peralta JM, et al. HIV-1 Patients May Harbor Viruses of Different Phylogenetic Subtypes: Implications for the Evolution of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):86-88. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950303
AMA Pieniazek D, Janini LM, Ramos A, et al. HIV-1 Patients May Harbor Viruses of Different Phylogenetic Subtypes: Implications for the Evolution of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):86-88. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950303.
APA Pieniazek, D., Janini, L. M., Ramos, A., Tanuri, A., Schechter, M., Peralta, J. M....Rayfield, M. A. (1995). HIV-1 Patients May Harbor Viruses of Different Phylogenetic Subtypes: Implications for the Evolution of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 86-88. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950303.

Simultaneous Infection of Ixodes ricinus Nymphs by Two Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species: Possible Implications for Clinical Manifestations [PDF - 18 KB - 2 pages]
B. Pichon et al.
EID Pichon B, Godfroid E, Hoyois B, Bollen A, Rodhain F, Pérez-Eid C. Simultaneous Infection of Ixodes ricinus Nymphs by Two Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species: Possible Implications for Clinical Manifestations. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):89-90. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950304
AMA Pichon B, Godfroid E, Hoyois B, et al. Simultaneous Infection of Ixodes ricinus Nymphs by Two Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species: Possible Implications for Clinical Manifestations. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):89-90. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950304.
APA Pichon, B., Godfroid, E., Hoyois, B., Bollen, A., Rodhain, F., & Pérez-Eid, C. (1995). Simultaneous Infection of Ixodes ricinus Nymphs by Two Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species: Possible Implications for Clinical Manifestations. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 89-90. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950304.

Epidemiologic and Evolutionary Relationships between Romanian and Brazilian HIV-1 Subtype F Strains [PDF - 52 KB - 4 pages]
C. I. Bandea et al.
EID Bandea CI, Ramos A, Pieniazek D, Pascu R, Tanuri A, Schochetman G, et al. Epidemiologic and Evolutionary Relationships between Romanian and Brazilian HIV-1 Subtype F Strains. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):90-93. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950305
AMA Bandea CI, Ramos A, Pieniazek D, et al. Epidemiologic and Evolutionary Relationships between Romanian and Brazilian HIV-1 Subtype F Strains. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):90-93. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950305.
APA Bandea, C. I., Ramos, A., Pieniazek, D., Pascu, R., Tanuri, A., Schochetman, G....Rayfield, M. A. (1995). Epidemiologic and Evolutionary Relationships between Romanian and Brazilian HIV-1 Subtype F Strains. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 90-93. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950305.

Electronic Communication Facilitates Investigation of a Highly Dispersed Foodborne Outbreak: Salmonella on the Superhighway [PDF - 28 KB - 2 pages]
B. E. Mahon et al.
EID Mahon BE, Rohn DD, Pack SR, Tauxe RV. Electronic Communication Facilitates Investigation of a Highly Dispersed Foodborne Outbreak: Salmonella on the Superhighway. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):94-95. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950306
AMA Mahon BE, Rohn DD, Pack SR, et al. Electronic Communication Facilitates Investigation of a Highly Dispersed Foodborne Outbreak: Salmonella on the Superhighway. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):94-95. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950306.
APA Mahon, B. E., Rohn, D. D., Pack, S. R., & Tauxe, R. V. (1995). Electronic Communication Facilitates Investigation of a Highly Dispersed Foodborne Outbreak: Salmonella on the Superhighway. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 94-95. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950306.
Commentaries

Reemergence of Ebola Virus in Africa [PDF - 23 KB - 2 pages]
A. Sanchez et al.
EID Sanchez A, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Peters CJ, Nichol ST, Khan AS, et al. Reemergence of Ebola Virus in Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):96-97. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950307
AMA Sanchez A, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, et al. Reemergence of Ebola Virus in Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):96-97. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950307.
APA Sanchez, A., Ksiazek, T. G., Rollin, P. E., Peters, C. J., Nichol, S. T., Khan, A. S....Mahy, B. W. (1995). Reemergence of Ebola Virus in Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 96-97. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950307.

Prospects for the Control of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever [PDF - 31 KB - 4 pages]
P. E. Kilgore et al.
EID Kilgore PE, Peters CJ, Mills JN, Rollin PE, Armstrong L, Khan AS, et al. Prospects for the Control of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):97-100. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950308
AMA Kilgore PE, Peters CJ, Mills JN, et al. Prospects for the Control of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):97-100. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950308.
APA Kilgore, P. E., Peters, C. J., Mills, J. N., Rollin, P. E., Armstrong, L., Khan, A. S....Ksiazek, T. G. (1995). Prospects for the Control of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 97-100. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950308.
About the Cover

Volume 1, Issue 3
News and Notes

Conference on "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Meeting the Challenge" [PDF - 23 KB - 1 page]
J. M. Hughes
EID Hughes JM. Conference on "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Meeting the Challenge". Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):101. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950309
AMA Hughes JM. Conference on "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Meeting the Challenge". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):101. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950309.
APA Hughes, J. M. (1995). Conference on "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Meeting the Challenge". Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 101. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950309.

Japanese Encephalitis Acquired in Australia [PDF - 16 KB - 1 page]
EID Japanese Encephalitis Acquired in Australia. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):102. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950310
AMA Japanese Encephalitis Acquired in Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):102. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950310.
APA (1995). Japanese Encephalitis Acquired in Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 102. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950310.

USPHS and IDSA Collaborate on Guidelines to Prevent Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Persons [PDF - 23 KB - 2 pages]
J. E. Kaplan et al.
EID Kaplan JE, Masur H, Holmes KK. USPHS and IDSA Collaborate on Guidelines to Prevent Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Persons. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):102-103. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950311
AMA Kaplan JE, Masur H, Holmes KK. USPHS and IDSA Collaborate on Guidelines to Prevent Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Persons. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):102-103. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950311.
APA Kaplan, J. E., Masur, H., & Holmes, K. K. (1995). USPHS and IDSA Collaborate on Guidelines to Prevent Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Persons. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 102-103. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950311.

Recommendations for a Regional Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Americas [PDF - 27 KB - 2 pages]
D. B. Epstein
EID Epstein DB. Recommendations for a Regional Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Americas. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):103-104. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950312
AMA Epstein DB. Recommendations for a Regional Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Americas. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):103-104. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950312.
APA Epstein, D. B. (1995). Recommendations for a Regional Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Americas. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 103-104. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950312.

Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory Fellowship Program [PDF - 14 KB - 1 page]
EID Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory Fellowship Program. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):105. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950313
AMA Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory Fellowship Program. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):105. doi:10.3201/eid0103.950313.
APA (1995). Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory Fellowship Program. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 105. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.950313.

Tenth Annual ASTPHLD Conference on Human Retrovirus Testing [PDF - 14 KB - 1 page]
J. L. Pearson
EID Pearson JL. Tenth Annual ASTPHLD Conference on Human Retrovirus Testing. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(3):105. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.090314
AMA Pearson JL. Tenth Annual ASTPHLD Conference on Human Retrovirus Testing. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1995;1(3):105. doi:10.3201/eid0103.090314.
APA Pearson, J. L. (1995). Tenth Annual ASTPHLD Conference on Human Retrovirus Testing. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(3), 105. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0103.090314.
Page created: September 07, 2011
Page updated: September 07, 2011
Page reviewed: September 07, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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