Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 14, Number 5—May 2008
Dispatch

Serologic Evidence for Novel Poxvirus in Endangered Red Colobus Monkeys, Western Uganda

Tony L. Goldberg*Comments to Author , Colin A. Chapman†‡, Kenneth Cameron‡, Tania Saj†, William B. Karesh‡, Nathan D. Wolfe§, Scott W. Wong¶, Melissa E. Dubois¶, and Mark K. Slifka¶
Author affiliations: *University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA; †McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA; §University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; ¶Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA;

Main Article

Figure 1

Serologic characterization of red colobus to Orthopoxvirus antigens. Plasma samples were collected from 31 red colobus, and 10 samples with detectable antibody responses to vaccinia virus (VV) antigens (Appendix Figure) were chosen for further analysis. Plasma samples were tested for specificity by a postadsorption ELISA (7) in which samples were either unadsorbed or preadsorbed with monkeypox virus (MPV), vaccinia virus (VV), or cowpox virus (CPV) antigens prior to performing an ELISA on A) VV-, B) MPV-, or C) CPV-coated ELISA plates. The results obtained by using plasma from a VV-immune human study participant (VV human) and a MPV-immune participant (MPV human) are shown for comparison. The dashed line indicates the cut-off value for a seropositive antibody response (200 ELISA units). ND, not determined.

Figure 1. Serologic characterization of red colobus to Orthopoxvirus antigens. Plasma samples were collected from 31 red colobus, and 10 samples with detectable antibody responses to vaccinia virus (VV) antigens (Appendix Figure) were chosen for further analysis. Plasma samples were tested for specificity by a postadsorption ELISA (7) in which samples were either unadsorbed or preadsorbed with monkeypox virus (MPV), vaccinia virus (VV), or cowpox virus (CPV) antigens prior to performing an ELISA on A) VV-, B) MPV-, or C) CPV-coated ELISA plates. The results obtained by using plasma from a VV-immune human study participant (VV human) and a MPV-immune participant (MPV human) are shown for comparison. The dashed line indicates the cut-off value for a seropositive antibody response (200 ELISA units). ND, not determined.

Main Article

References
  1. Regnery  RL. Poxviruses and the passive quest for novel hosts. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2007;315:34561.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Di Giulio  DB, Eckburg  PB. Human monkeypox: an emerging zoonosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4:1525. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Reed  KD, Melski  JW, Graham  MB, Regnery  RL, Sotir  MJ, Wegner  MV, The detection of monkeypox in humans in the Western Hemisphere. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:34250. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Hammarlund  E, Lewis  MW, Carter  SV, Amanna  I, Hansen  SG, Strelow  LI, Multiple diagnostic techniques identify previously vaccinated individuals with protective immunity against monkeypox. Nat Med. 2005;11:100511.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Struhsaker  TT. Ecology of an African rain forest: logging in Kibale and the conflict between conservation and exploitation. Gainesville (FL): University Press of Florida; 1997.
  6. Chapman  CA, Struhsaker  TT, Lambert  JE. Thirty years of research in Kibale National Park, Uganda, reveals a complex picture for conservation. Int J Primatol. 2005;26:53955. DOIGoogle Scholar
  7. Dubois  MD, Slifka  MK. Retrospective analysis of monkeypox infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Apr; [Epub ahead of print].
  8. Downie  AW, Taylor-Robinson  CH, Caunt  AE, Nelson  GS, Manson-Bahr  PEC, Matthews  THC. Tanapox: a new disease caused by a poxvirus. BMJ. 1971;1:3638.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Jezek  Z, Arita  I, Szceniowski  M, Paluku  KM, Kalisa  R, Nakano  JH. Human tanapox in Zaire: clinical and epidemiological observations on cases confirmed by laboratory studies. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63:102735.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Struhsaker  TT. Vocalizations, phylogeny and palaeogeography of red colobus monkeys (Colobus badius). Afr J Ecol. 1981;19:26583. DOIGoogle Scholar
  11. Ting  N. Mitochondrial relationships and divergence dates of the African colobines: evidence of miocene origins for the living colobus monkeys. J Hum Evol. In press.
  12. Struhsaker  TT. Variation in adult sex ratios of red colobus monkey social groups: implications for interspecific comparisons. In: Kappeler PM, editor. Primate males: causes and consequences of variation in group composition. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; 2000. p. 108–19.
  13. Goldberg  TL, Gillespie  TR, Rwego  IB, Kaganzi  C. Killing of a pearl-spotted owlet (Glaucidium perlatum) by male red colobus monkeys (Procolobus tephrosceles) in a forest fragment near Kibale National Park, Uganda. Am J Primatol. 2006;68:100711. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). AIDS epidemic update. Geneva: The Programme; 2007.

Main Article

Page created: July 08, 2010
Page updated: July 08, 2010
Page reviewed: July 08, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external