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Volume 22, Number 12—December 2016
Research

Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011

Roy WilliamsComments to Author , Johan Malherbe, Harold Weepener, Phelix Majiwa, and Robert Swanepoel
Author affiliations: Agricultural Research Council–Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, South Africa (R. Williams, P. Majiwa); Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria, South Africa (J. Malherbe, H. Weepener); University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort (R. Swanepoel)

Main Article

Figure 4

Comparison of monthly rainfall amounts, normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVIs), and soil saturation indices (SSIs) for August 2008–May 2012 for the following 4 areas of South Africa where Rift Valley fever epidemics occurred: A) Southern region of KwaZulu-Natal Province (outbreaks in February–March 2009); B) Orange River region in Northern Cape Province (outbreaks in October–November 2009); C) Bultfontein area of Free State Province (outbreaks in January–February 2010); D) Graaff-Reine

Figure 4. Comparison of monthly rainfall amounts, normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVIs), and soil saturation indices (SSIs) for August 2008–May 2012 for the following 4 areas of South Africa where Rift Valley fever epidemics occurred: A) Southern region of KwaZulu-Natal Province (outbreaks in February–March 2009); B) Orange River region in Northern Cape Province (outbreaks in October–November 2009); C) Bultfontein area of Free State Province (outbreaks in January–February 2010); D) Graaff-Reinet area of Eastern Cape Province (outbreaks in January–February 2011). Rainfall and NDVI anomalies were computed as percentage of the maximum of the long-term means (LTMs); SSI anomalies were computed as percentage of the LTM. Arrows indicate time of first outbreak in the region.

Main Article

Page created: November 17, 2016
Page updated: November 17, 2016
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