Volume 27, Number 5—May 2021
Research
Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection among Farmworkers, California, USA, June–November 2020
, Ana M. Mora1, Oguchi Nkwocha, Katherine Kogut, Stephen A. Rauch, Norma Morga, Samantha Hernandez, Marcus P. Wong, Karen Huen, Kristin Andrejko, Nicholas P. Jewell, Kimberly L. Parra, Nina Holland, Eva Harris, Maximiliano Cuevas, Brenda Eskenazi, and on behalf of the CHAMACOS-Project-19 Study Team2
Table 3
Prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among farm workers enrolled in a cross-sectional study, Monterey County, California, USA, July 16–November 30, 2020*
| Symptoms | All participants, n = 1,108 |
Clinic participants, n = 558 |
Outreach participants, n = 550 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Infected | Frequency | Infected | Frequency | Infected | |||
| Any symptom | 301 (27.2) | 83 (27.7) | 200 (35.8) | 68 (34.2) | 101 (18.4) | 15 (14.9) | ||
| No symptoms | 807 (72.8) | 57 (7.1) | 358 (64.2) | 36 (10.1) | 449 (81.6) | 21 (4.7) | ||
| Nonproductive cough | 68 (6.1) | 31 (45.6) | 47 (8.4) | 26 (55.3) | 21 (3.8) | 5 (23.8) | ||
| Productive cough | 68 (6.1) | 25 (37.3) | 51 (9.1) | 21 (42.0) | 17 (3.1) | 4 (23.5) | ||
| Pain or pressure in the ears | 24 (2.2) | 10 (41.7) | 19 (3.4) | 10 (52.6) | 5 (0.9) | 0 | ||
| Blocked nose | 62 (5.6) | 22 (36.1) | 50 (9.0) | 19 (38.8) | 12 (2.2) | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Runny nose | 78 (7.0) | 24 (31.2) | 56 (10.0) | 18 (32.7) | 22 (4.0) | 6 (27.3) | ||
| Sneezing | 95 (8.6) | 21 (22.3) | 61 (10.9) | 16 (26.7) | 34 (6.2) | 5 (14.7) | ||
| Watery eyes | 57 (5.1) | 14 (25.0) | 48 (8.6) | 14 (29.8) | 9 (1.6) | 0 | ||
| Hoarseness | 49 (4.4) | 19 (38.8) | 42 (7.5) | 17 (40.5) | 7 (1.3) | 2 (28.6) | ||
| Self-reported fever† | 56 (5.1) | 33 (58.9) | 47 (8.4) | 29 (61.7) | 9 (1.6) | 4 (44.4) | ||
| Sweating | 48 (4.3) | 22 (45.8) | 40 (7.2) | 20 (50.0) | 8 (1.5) | 2 (25.0) | ||
| Chills | 74 (6.7) | 35 (47.3) | 63 (11.3) | 33 (52.4) | 11 (2.0) | 2 (18.2) | ||
| Headache | 147 (13.3) | 46 (31.5) | 100 (17.9) | 39 (39.4) | 47 (8.5) | 7 (14.9) | ||
| Tickle in throat | 49 (4.4) | 17 (34.7) | 36 (6.5) | 15 (41.7) | 13 (2.4) | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Sore throat | 103 (9.3) | 32 (31.1) | 78 (14.0) | 29 (37.2) | 25 (4.5) | 3 (12.0) | ||
| Myalgia | 97 (8.8) | 44 (45.8) | 79 (14.2) | 40 (51.3) | 18 (3.3) | 4 (22.2) | ||
| Chest pain | 26 (2.3) | 11 (42.3) | 21 (3.8) | 10 (47.6) | 5 (0.9) | 1 (20.0) | ||
| Sinus pain | 17 (1.5) | 7 (41.2) | 14 (2.5) | 7 (50.0) | 3 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Swollen glands | 18 (1.6) | 5 (27.8) | 11 (2.0) | 5 (45.5) | 7 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Loss of appetite | 38 (3.4) | 21 (55.3) | 32 (5.7) | 18 (56.2) | 6 (1.1) | 3 (50.0) | ||
| Difficulty breathing | 34 (3.1) | 18 (52.9) | 27 (4.8) | 16 (59.3) | 7 (1.3) | 2 (28.6) | ||
| Wheezing | 15 (1.4) | 6 (40.0) | 12 (2.2) | 6 (50.0) | 3 (0.5) | 0 | ||
| Shortness of breath | 22 (2.0) | 18 (81.8) | 19 (3.4) | 16 (84.2) | 3 (0.5) | 2 (66.7) | ||
| Diarrhea | 40 (3.6) | 15 (37.5) | 33 (5.9) | 14 (42.4) | 7 (1.3) | 1 (14.3) | ||
| Nausea | 39 (3.5) | 13 (33.3) | 32 (5.7) | 13 (40.6) | 7 (1.3) | 0 | ||
| Stomach pain | 47 (4.2) | 15 (31.9) | 34 (6.1) | 12 (35.3) | 13 (2.4) | 3 (23.1) | ||
| Trouble thinking | 18 (1.6) | 5 (27.8) | 10 (1.8) | 5 (50.0) | 8 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Fatigue | 94 (8.5) | 33 (35.5) | 70 (12.5) | 31 (44.9) | 24 (4.4) | 2 (8.3) | ||
| Loss of sense of taste | 33 (3.0) | 22 (66.7) | 26 (4.7) | 18 (69.2) | 7 (1.3) | 4 (57.1) | ||
| Loss of sense of smell | 32 (2.9) | 22 (68.8) | 25 (4.5) | 19 (76.0) | 7 (1.3) | 3 (42.9) | ||
| Pain or pressure in the eyes | 25 (2.3) | 6 (24.0) | 16 (2.9) | 6 (37.5) | 9 (1.6) | 0 | ||
*Testing was performed by using transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay. Percentages were calculated excluding persons for whom data were not available. Clinic participants are those recruited on clinic premises, where they might have been seeking care for COVID-19 or any other illnesses. Outreach participants are those recruited at mobile testing operations in the community, who were not seeking medical care. For frequency, proportions are computed among all tested. For infected, proportions indicate the prevalence of current, TMA-positive infection among those with the indicated symptom(s) in the previous 2 weeks. COVID-19, coronavirus disease. †Participants were not asked to verify whether they recorded their body temperature.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
2Members of the CHAMACOS-Project-19 Study Team are listed at the end of this article.